Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic translation
How is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes quizlet?
In a eukaryotic cell, transcription occurs in the nucleus, and
translation occurs in the cytoplasm
. In a prokaryotic cell, transcription and translation are coupled; that is, translation begins while the mRNA is still being synthesized.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in transcription and translation?
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments:
transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus
, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled (Figure 28.15).
What is the major difference in the termination stage of translation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Translation has three main stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
. These differ slightly in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms: in prokaryotes, translation occurs in the cytoplasm, while in eukaryotes, translation takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic?
The primary distinction between these two types of organisms is that
eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not
. The nucleus is where eukaryotes store their genetic information.
What are 4 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
| Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic cell | Unicellular Multicellular | Lysosomes and Peroxisomes absent Lysosomes and Peroxisomes present | Microtubules absent Microtubules present | Endoplasmic reticulum absent Endoplasmic reticulum present |
|---|
What are two primary differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription?
| Prokaryotic Transcription Eukaryotic Transcription | RNAs are released and processed in the cytoplasm RNAs are released and processed in the nucleus | RNA polymerases are a complex of five polypeptides. RNA polymerases are a complex of 10 -15 polypeptides. |
|---|
Where does the process of translation occur in eukaryotes in prokaryotes quizlet?
in prokaryotes transcription and translation both occur in the cytoplasm. in eukaryotes translation occurs in
the ribosomes of the rough ER
and transcription occurs in the nucleus.
Where does the process of translation occur in eukaryotes in prokaryotes?
Prokaryotic transcription and translation occur simultaneously
in the cytoplasm
, and regulation occurs at the transcriptional level. Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated during transcription and RNA processing, which take place in the nucleus, and during protein translation, which takes place in the cytoplasm.
How are Polyribosomes different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
In eukaryotic cells,
transcription occurs in the
cell nucleus and translation occurs later in the extra-nuclear hyaloplasm. In prokaryotes, which have no nucleus, not only do transcription and translation occur in the same region of the cell but they also occur at the same time.
What are 3 steps of translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
Is termination of translation the same in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
In prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms termination of translation differs in many aspects. … There is only one factor in eukaryotic cells, called
eRF1
, whereas in prokaryotic cells there are two factors called RF1 and RF2.
What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein synthesis?
In eukaryotes, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, protein synthesis
begins even before the transcription of mRNA molecule is completed
. This is called coupled transcription – translation. In eukaryotes, most of the gene have introns or non coding sequences along with exons or coding sequences.
What are the three major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
| Prokaryotes Eukaryotes | Nucleus Absent. Instead, they have a nucleoid region in the cell Present | Ribosomes Present. Smaller in size and spherical in shape Present. Comparatively larger in size and linear in shape | DNA arrangement Circular Linear | Mitochondria Absent Present |
|---|
What are some examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Examples of
prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea
. Examples of eukaryotes are protists, fungi, plants, and animals (everything except prokaryotes).
Do prokaryotes have DNA?
Most prokaryotes carry a small amount of genetic material in the form of a single molecule, or chromosome,
of circular DNA
. The DNA in prokaryotes is contained in a central area of the cell called the nucleoid, which is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
