These forces can be divided into two groups: driving forces and restraining forces. Driving forces are all forces that promote change. … Restraining forces are forces that make change more difficult. These forces counteract driving forces and lead to the avoidance
or resistance of change
.
What happens when driving forces exceed resisting forces?
Landslides
occur when the driving forces tending to pull soil and rock downhill equal or exceed the resisting forces holding it in place. … Factor of safety: The factor of safety of a slope is the ratio of resisting forces to driving forces, i.e.
What are resisting forces in a mass movement?
Resisting forces include
the cohesion between similar particles
(like one clay molecule to another) and the adhesion between different or unlike particles (like the boulder to the clay beneath it).
What is driving force of mass wasting?
Gravity
. Finally, gravity is the driving force of mass wasting. The force of gravity pulls all things on the planet toward the center of the Earth.
What is the most important driving force in landslides?
Gravity
is the driving force behind landslide flow. Gravity is the attractive force between all massive objects. It causes apples to fall from trees toward the Earth, stars to pull planets into orbits, and cannonballs that are thrown skyward to return to the Earth.
What is the most common mass wasting trigger?
Increased water content within the slope
is the most common mass-wasting trigger. Water content can increase due to rapidly melting snow or ice or an intense rain event.
What is one example of a resistant force?
Friction
and fluid resistance are resistive forces when the material is stationary. However, both can also contribute as an applied force when the materials or objects are moving relative to each other. For example, a boat moving through still water experiences the resistive force of water resistance.
What are driving forces?
The impetus, power, or energy behind something in motion, as in He was clearly the driving force in the new administration. This term
transfers the force that sets in motion an engine or vehicle to other enterprises
.
How do driving forces and resisting forces affects the plate movements?
resisting forces The main effect of the underlying mantle is to
produce a shearing or frictional force resisting the motion of
lithospheric plates. … Friction between the converging plates and also the force required to bend a plate resist the movement of the plate at subduction zones.
What is the fastest type of mass wasting?
A rock fall
are the fastest of all landslide types and occurs when a rock falls through the air until it comes to rest on the ground—not too complicated.
How do you control mass wasting?
Engineering solutions include
barriers and retaining walls, drainage pipes
, terracing the slope to reduce the steepness of the cuts, and immediate revegetation.
What triggers mass wasting?
Mass-wasting events are triggered by changes that
oversteepen slope angles and weaken slope stability
, such as rapid snow melt, intense rainfall, earthquake shaking, volcanic eruption, storm waves, stream erosion, and human activities. Excessive precipitation is the most common trigger.
How does mass wasting occur?
Mass wasting is
the movement of rock and soil down slope under the influence of gravity
. Rock falls, slumps, and debris flows are all examples of mass wasting. Often lubricated by rainfall or agitated by seismic activity, these events may occur very rapidly and move as a flow. … Intense rainfall.
What are the 4 types of landslides?
They are classified into four main types:
fall and toppling, slides (rotational and translational), flows and creep
.
What does a landslide look like?
A landslide is a
mass of soil sliding down a hillside
. … Large trees help retain soil and lean over. Smaller trees grow with a bend in the trunk. In Figure 1 the soil appears to be flowing down hill like a thick oatmeal mix.
How can we prevent landslides in hilly areas?
- By providing efficient surface and cross drainage.
- By providing sub-surface drains at foot of the hill slope to control seepage flow.
- By providing benching to soil slope.
