The independent variable was the type of question asked.
It was manipulated by asking 50 students ‘how fast were the car going when they hit each other?’
, another 50 ‘how fast were the car going when they smashed each other?’
What were the independent and dependent variables in Loftus and Palmer’s 1974 study?
The independent variable is the verb being changed in the question, ‘smashed’ or ‘contacted’
, and the dependent variable is the speed estimate in km/h. … The results showed a clear link between the verb used and speed estimate recalled which is similar to Loftus and Palmer’s original study.
Which experimental design was used in Loftus and Palmer?
Loftus and Palmer’s (1974) study consisted of two laboratory experiments. Both experiments used
an independent measures design
, with the participant’s only taking part in a single condition. Independent variable: verb used in the critical question: “About how fast were the cars going when they ‘verb’ into each other?”
What was the hypothesis of Loftus and Palmer Research?
Loftus and Palmer aimed
to show that leading questions could distort EWT accounts via the cues provided in the question
. To test this hypothesis, Loftus and Palmer asked people to estimate the speed of motor vehicles using different forms of questions after they had observed a car accident.
What type of data is Loftus and Palmer?
Data: Loftus and Palmer obtained
quantitative data
from their study, this allows for subsequent statistical analysis. Mean speed estimates were calculated, percentages of yes and no responses could also be easily found, results could be represented in graphs charts quite easily.
What is the Lost in the Mall technique used for?
The “lost in the mall” technique or experiment is
a memory implantation technique used to demonstrate that confabulations about events that never took place –
such as having been lost in a shopping mall as a child – can be created through suggestions made to experimental subjects that their older relative was present …
What was the significance of Loftus smashed versus contacted study quizlet?
Smashed, hit, collided, bumped, contacted.
Leading questions do effect memory recall
. In this case changing the verb in the question to smashed gave a higher estimation of speed by the participants.
Is Loftus and Palmer valid?
Loftus and Palmer’s research
has questionable ecological validity
. On the one hand, questioning participants about everyday events like a car crash appears to be a genuine measure of eyewitness testimony. … A second weakness of Loftus and Palmer’s research is that their study lacks population validity.
What type of study is Bartlett 1932?
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering:
A study in experimental and social psychology
.
How do you know if a study is internally valid?
- Your treatment and response variables change together.
- Your treatment precedes changes in your response variables.
- No confounding or extraneous factors can explain the results of your study.
What tense should a hypothesis be written in?
The Writing Center is here to help! Hypotheses should always be written in
the present tense
. At the time they are written, these statements are referring to research that is currently being conducted.
What is hypothesis example?
- If I replace the battery in my car, then my car will get better gas mileage.
- If I eat more vegetables, then I will lose weight faster.
- If I add fertilizer to my garden, then my plants will grow faster.
- If I brush my teeth every day, then I will not develop cavities.
What is an Operationalised independent variable?
Operationalisation is the term
used to describe how a variable is clearly defined by the researcher
. The term operationalisation can be applied to independent variables (IV), dependent variables (DV) or co-variables (in a correlational design).
Is memory reconstructive in nature?
A large amount of research is consistent with the idea that
remembering is reconstructive
. The standard textbook account holds that certain forms of remembering are reconstructive whereas others are reproductive. However, a strong case can be made that all remembering is reconstructive.
Who conducted the car crash experiment?
Just how valid are eye-witness testimonies? In 1974, it was tested by
Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer
. The two psychologists set out to test if language can alter testimonies.
What criticism have some experts made of the DRM procedure?
What criticism have some experts made of the DRM procedure?
It does not accurately reflect the complexities of real-life situations
. You are attending a conference and want to remember as much of it as possible.
