The social reform movements of the 19th century aimed at securing two main objectives: first, they
aimed to eradicate social evils and superstitions prevailing in Indian society
, and second, they sought to secure equal civil rights for all.
Prominent leaders of Kerala reformation include :
Narayana Guru
.
Chattampi Swamikal
.
Ayyankali
.
Birth of Ayyankali – [August 28, 1863] This Day in History. Pioneer social reformer and Dalit rights activist, Ayyankali (also known as
Ayyan Kali
) was born in Venganoor, Thiruvananthapuram, in the princely state of Travancore.
Today, the 155th birth anniversary of that daring social reformer
— Mahatma Ayyankali
— from erstwhile Travancore is being celebrated. Ayyankali was born on August 28, 1863, to Maala and Ayyan at Venganoor, which is now in Thiruvananthapuram district.
What were the goals of this reform movement?
The reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in America focused on specific issues:
temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment
, amelioration of prison conditions (with prison’s purpose reconceived as rehabilitation rather than punishment), the …
These social and religious reform movements arose among all communities of the Indian people. They worked for
abolition of castes, untouchability, sati, child marriage, social inequalities and illiteracy
.
Gurudevan, as he was known among his followers, led Reform movement in Kerala,
revolted against caste system and worked on propagating new values of freedom in spirituality and social equality
which transformed the Kerala society.
List down his contributions to social reforms in India; He led a
reform movement in Kerala, rejected casteism, and promoted new values of spiritual freedom and social equality
, He preached the ‘oneness’ of humanity, crossing the boundaries of caste and creed, He also lent his support to the Vaikkom Satyagraha which was …
What are the major aspects which paved way to renaissance in Kerala?
during the 19th Century Renaissance was its peak in Kerala list out the major aspects which paved way in Renaissance in Kerala. 1. From the 16th century onwards,
the development of the Malayalam language and the Bhakti movement helped break the monopoly of the Brahmins over literature and knowledge
.
Who is the father of Kerala renaissance?
Sree Narayana Guru
– The Father of Kerala Renaissance – Part 1 (in Malayalam)
Is Ayyankali a freedom fighter?
Freedom
of movement
In 1893, Ayyankali, dressed to provoke in clothing traditionally associated with the Nairs, defied the social conventions that applied to lower castes and untouchables by riding on a road in a bullock cart that he had bought.
Who is known as the initiator of modernism in Kerala?
Raja Rammohan Roy
, called the father of renaissance in India, led a modern, upper-class establishment that catered to the already dominant neo-savarna peoples of north India. Around the same period when Roy’s Brahmo Samaj came into being, Vaikunda Swamikal established the “Samathwa Samaj (egalitarian society)”.
Who is the father of Indian renaissance?
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
: Remembering Raja Ram Mohan Roy on his 246th birth anniversary – Father of the Indian Renaissance | The Economic Times.
Who is known as the father of modern Dalit?
| B. R. Ambedkar | Profession Jurist economist academic politician social reformer anthropologist writer | Known for Dalit rights movement Drafting Constitution of India Dalit Buddhist movement | Awards Bharat Ratna (posthumously in 1990) | Signature |
|---|
Who started the temple reform movement in South India?
Narayana Guru
in 1903 founded the Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam, which became an important organisation for social reforms. He advocated ‘one caste, one religion and one God’ for all. Many reformers in southern India concerned themselves with the reform in certain practices connected with Hindu temples.
What was the most successful reform movement?
The abolition of slavery
was one of the most powerful reform movements.
Social reformers’ ideas to reform the Indian society:
Some of the reformers took up the
challenges to eradicate the caste system
, to introduce the girl’s education, promote widow remarriage, eradicate child marriage, provide education to all, and protect the rights of the people.
Answer: In short, the social reform movement of the nineteenth century tried to achieve three main objectives:
(1) Emancipation of women (2) Removal of caste distinction
and (3) Abolition of untouchability.
The purpose of the social reform movements in 19th century was
to ‘purify’ and ‘rediscover’ an Indian civilization that would be conformant with
the European ideals of rationalism, empiricism, monotheism and individualism.
Abolition of Sati, promoting women education, advocating women rights, struggle for improving the social life of the harijans or scheduled castes
are the examples of social reform movements in India.
What were women’s contributions to the reform movement?
Women became leaders in a range of social and political movements from 1890 through 1920, known as the Progressive Era. Prominent suffragists led progressive
causes
. Jane Addams established Chicago’s Hull-House, and Ida B. Wells led a campaign against the lynching of African Americans.
Explanation: Narayana Guru (August 28, 1855 – September 20, 1928) was a spiritual leader and social reformer in India. … He led a reform movement in Kerala,
against the injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala in order to promote spiritual enlightenment and social equality
.
What are the achievements of Sree Narayana Guru?
1) he campaigned against caste system, untouchability, Brahmin dominance, discrimination against the lower caste. 2) he
constructed alternate Temple and propogated for one god,one caste
, one religion. 3) he opposed conversion to other religions as the way to escape from suffering.
Narayana Guru was instrumental in setting the spiritual foundations for social reform in Kerala and was one of the most successful social reformers to revolt against caste system in India. He
demonstrated a path to social emancipation without invoking the dualism of the oppressed
and the oppressor.
Social reformers are described so because they
felt that some changes were essential in society and unjust practices needed to be rooted out
. How did reformers bring changes in society? Answer: They brought changes in society by persuading people to give up old practices and adopt a new way of life. .
What were the measures taken by Narayana Guru in reforming backward communities?
He
opposed caste system and animal sacrifice
. He opened Sanskrit colleges and provided Sanskrit education irrespective of caste. He built around thirty temples in Kerala which were open to all including untouchables. He established a good library in all the temples.
What is called Indian renaissance?
The socio intellectual revolution that took place in the nineteenth century in
the fields of philosophy, literature, science, politics and social reforms is often known as Indian Renaissance. An important part of this Renaissance was reforming Hinduism from within on the basis of Post- Enlightenment rationalism.
What was the old name of Kerala?
Until the arrival of British, the term
Malabar
was used in foreign trade circles as a general name for Kerala. Earlier, the term Malabar had also been used to denote Tulu Nadu and Kanyakumari which lie contiguous to Kerala on the southwestern coast of India, in addition to the modern state of Kerala.
Who was the first king of Kerala?
| Kingdom of Thiruvithamkoor തിരുവിതാംകൂർ | Maharaja | • 1729–1758 (first) Marthanda Varma | • 1829–1846 (peak) Swathi Thirunal | • 1931–1949 (last) Chithira Thirunal |
|---|
What is renaissance in Kerala?
Sree Narayana Guru
was appointed as the first president of SNDP Yogam founded in 1903 with the initiative of Dr. Palpu. He is regarded as the father of the renaissance of Kerala.
Which were the major events that took place in Kerala during freedom struggle?
Non Cooperation Movement and Salt Satyagraha
The Malabar Rebellion of 1921 and the students agitation of 1922 in Travancore were events of great political significance during this period. The Salt-Satyagraha under the leadership of Gandhiji had its own repercussions in Kerala.
Who is the father of literacy in Kerala?
Puthuvayil Narayana Panicker
(1 March 1909 – 19 June 1995) is known as the Father of the Library Movement in the Indian state of Kerala. The activities of the Kerala Grandhasala Sangham that he initiated triggered a popular cultural movement in Kerala which produced universal literacy in the state in the 1990s.
Who abolished sati?
The Bengal Sati Regulation which banned the Sati practice in all jurisdictions of British India was passed on December 4, 1829 by the then
Governor-General Lord William Bentinck
. The regulation described the practice of Sati as revolting to the feelings of human nature.
Who is the father of modern India?
Ram Mohan Ray
is called the `Father of Modern India’ in recognition of his epoch-making social, educational and political reforms.
Why is Raja Ram Mohan Roy called the father of Indian renaissance?
Raja Ram Mohan Roy is called the father of the modern Indian Renaissance
due to the remarkable changes he instituted in 18th and 19th century India
. The most noticeable of his actions was the removal of the cruel and barbaric Sati Pratha. … Bengal Sati Regulation. Indian Education System During British Rule.
Who is known as Kerala Gandhi?
Koyapalli Kelappan
(24 August 1889 – 7 October 1971) was an Indian politician, independence activist, educationist and journalist. During the Indian independence movement, he was the lead figure of Indian National Congress in Kerala and was popularly known as Kerala Gandhi.
What did the Villuvandi Samaram by Ayyankali achieve?
In 1893 Ayyankali brought a Bullock cart from a neighbouring state and marched over the public roads of Venganoor. … So, on the basis of question ‘Villuvandi Samaram’ by Ayyankali achieved
the entry rights for avarnas/members of lower caste communities into public roads and squares
.
Where did Ayyankali started his first school for lower castes *?
But the upper castes had the right over the school management. He used to deny the school admission of Pulayars and other Dalit children. In 1904, Ayyankali started a movement for the education of Dalits. He opened the first school at
Venganur
in the same year for the education of Pulayars and other untouchables.
- Breast Tax.
- Channar Lahala.
- Consecration at Aruvippuram.
- S. N. D. P.
- N. S. S.
- Vaikom Satyagraham.
- Guruvayur Satyagraham.
- Channar revolt.
Thycaud Ayyavu Swamikal (1814 – 20 July 1909)
(also known as Sadananda Swami) was a spiritualist and a social reformer, the first to break customs related to caste in Kerala when caste restrictions and untouchability were at its extreme.
Inspired by Sree Narayana Guru,
a social reformer from Ezhava
caste, Ayyankali started Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangham (association for the protection of the poor) which later raised funds to start their own schools. Despite the government ruling, the managements were not ready to admit Pulaya kids in schools.
