Within limits set by Congress and the Constitution, the district courts have
jurisdiction to hear nearly all categories of federal cases, including both civil and criminal matters
. Every day hundreds of people across the nation are selected for jury duty and help decide some of these cases.
What is the role of the federal courts quizlet?
The role of the federal judiciary is to:
execute and implement the laws of Congress
. enforce and undertake ordinance law. interpret and apply the laws of the nation.
What is the principal role of the federal district courts?
The nation's 94 district or trial courts are called U.S. District Courts. District courts
resolve disputes by determining the facts and applying legal principles to decide who is right
.
What is the principal responsibility of the federal judiciary quizlet?
approve every case the federal government presents to the Supreme Court.
enforce the decisions of the Supreme Court
. serve as the principal legal adviser, or counsel, to members of the Supreme Court.
What are the roles of federal court officers?
They have authority to issue warrants, conduct preliminary proceedings in criminal cases, such as initial appearances and arraignments,
and hear cases involving petty offenses committed on federal lands
. In most districts, magistrate judges handle pretrial motions and hearings in civil and criminal cases.
What type of cases are heard in federal district courts?
More specifically, federal courts hear
criminal, civil, and bankruptcy cases
. And once a case is decided, it can often be appealed.
What are the 8 types of cases heard in federal courts?
Federal Questions: Federal Courts can decide any case that considers federal law. This includes
constitutional law, federal crimes, some military law, intellectual property (patents, copyrights, etc.)
, securities laws, and any other case involving a law that the U.S. Congress has passed.
Who represents the federal government in court?
Before issuing a ruling, the Supreme Court usually hears oral arguments, where the various parties to the suit present their arguments and the Justices ask them questions. If the case involves the federal government,
the Solicitor General of the United States
presents arguments on behalf of the United States.
What is the highest court in the system?
The Supreme Court of the United States
is the highest court in the American judicial system, and has the power to decide appeals on all cases brought in federal court or those brought in state court but dealing with federal law.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the president and Congress quizlet?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the president and Congress?
Congress is superior in power and authority to the president. The president is able to control the political goals of Congress.
What is the principal role of the courts of appeals quizlet?
It is the only court created by the Constitution. It mostly
hears appeal cases from lower courts
(it decides which cases on appeal to the SC to hear) but it does have some original jurisdiction.
Why can it be said that the federal district courts are the principal?
Why can it be said that the federal district courts are the principal trial courts in the national judiciary?
Decides appeals from district courts within its federal judicial circuit
; To relieve the caseload burden in the Supreme Court & to handle a dramatic increase in federal filings.
What are the two factors that gives federal courts jurisdiction over a case?
The two primary sources of the subject-matter jurisdiction of the federal courts are
diversity jurisdiction and federal question jurisdiction
. Diversity jurisdiction generally permits individuals to bring claims in federal court where the claim exceeds $75,000 and the parties are citizens of different states.
What is the role of US marshals in our federal court system?
The Marshals' duties include
protecting the federal judiciary
, apprehending federal fugitives, housing and transporting federal prisoners, managing and selling seized assets acquired by criminals through illegal activities, and operating the Witness Security Program.
Do federal courts have juries?
There are two types of judicial proceedings in the federal courts that use juries. …
Twelve people, and alternates, make up a criminal jury
. A unanimous decision must be reached before a defendant is found “guilty.” The government must prove the crime was committed “beyond a reasonable doubt.”
What is the meaning of federal court?
noun. 1. ( in the US)
a court which rules on cases involving the Constitution, federal laws and interstate crimes
.
