Blast furnaces are used to produce pig iron from iron ore for subsequent processing into steel , and they are also employed in processing lead, copper, and other metals. Rapid combustion is maintained by the current of air under pressure.
What are the outputs of the blast furnace?
The main outputs of blast furnaces includes pig iron and slag , which is formed by combination of limestone with sulfur and other impurities. Pig iron is typically tapped every 3 to 5 hours in quantities of 300 to 600 tons.
Why blast furnace is called blast furnace?
The Blast Furnace is a large steel structure about 30 metres high. It is lined with refractory firebricks that can withstand temperatures approaching 2000 o C. The furnace gets its name from the method that is used to heat it . Pre-heated air at about 1000 o C is blasted into the furnace through nozzles near its base.
What are the components of blast furnace?
The five primary components of blast furnace gas are N 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and H 2 . The typical blast furnace gas composition in volume is N 2 = 55.19%, CO = 20.78%, CO 2 = 21.27% and H 2 = 2.76% (Hou et al., 2011). The water content is removed by demisters following the cleaning process.
What is the hottest furnace on earth?
The current official highest registered air temperature on Earth is 56.7 °C (134.1 °F), recorded on 10 July 1913 at Furnace Creek Ranch , in Death Valley in the United States.
What fuel is used in blast furnace?
In a blast furnace, fuel (coke) , ores, and flux (limestone) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of air (sometimes with oxygen enrichment) is blown into the lower section of the furnace through a series of pipes called tuyeres, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout ...
Why is coke used in a blast furnace?
Publisher Summary. Metallurgical coke, along with iron ore and limestone, is layered into a blast furnace to convert the iron ore to metallic iron . Coke, which is mostly carbon, reacts with the blast air to produce carbon monoxide, which, in turn, reacts with the iron oxide to produce carbon dioxide and metallic iron.
Why coke is used in blast furnace not coal?
Since smoke-producing constituents are driven off during the coking of coal, coke forms a desirable fuel for stoves and furnaces in which conditions are not suitable for the complete burning of bituminous coal itself. Coke may be combusted producing little or no smoke , while bituminous coal would produce much smoke.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of blast furnace?
- Continuous feeding, continuous tapping, suitable for large-scale continuous production;
- Low power requirements;
- The product is further processed (continuous casting and rolling) with good performance.
- Mature technology and low production cost.
- High efficiency.
How steel is made in blast furnace?
To make steel, iron ore is first mined from the ground . It is then smelted in blast furnaces where the impurities are removed and carbon is added. ... About halfway down, limestone begins to react with impurities in the ore and the coke to form a slag. Ash from the coke is absorbed by the slag.
What is called the lower part of the furnace?
In the lower part of the blast furnace, the temperature is as high as 2200 K. It is called combustion zone . At the top, the temperature is as low as 500−800 K. It is called reduction zone. In the lower temperature range, carbon is the reducing agent and in the higher temperature range, CO is the reducing agent.
What is the highest temperature ever recorded on a human?
What are the highest recorded temperatures at which humans have survived? There is a place in the US's California, called the Furnace Creek Ranch, which holds the record for highest temperature measured ever on the earth. It is 56.7-degree Celsius or 134-degree Fahrenheit . It was recorded on July 10, 1913.
What is hottest place on Earth?
Death Valley holds the record for the highest air temperature on the planet: On 10 July 1913, temperatures at the Furnace Creek area in the California desert reached 134.1°F. Wausau beat Death Valley at numerous times this month as far as “feels Like” (heat index).
What is the hottest country on Earth?
Burkina Faso is the hottest country in the world. The average yearly temperature is 82.85°F (28.25°C). Located in West Africa, the northern region of Burkina Faso is covered by the Sahara Desert. The country is susceptible to recurrent droughts, a severe problem for a nation that is consistently hot.
How does the blast furnace work?
blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top . ... Rapid combustion is maintained by the current of air under pressure.
