The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government , and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
What is the meaning of Article 1 Section 4?
Article I, Section 4, gives state legislatures the task of determining how congressional elections are to be held . ... With the passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, Congress extended protection of the right to vote in federal, state and local elections.
What was Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act?
When Congress enacted the Voting Rights Act of 1965, it determined that racial discrimination in voting had been more prevalent in certain areas of the country. Section 4(a) of the Act established a formula to identify those areas and to provide for more stringent remedies where appropriate.
What does Section 4 of the 14th Amendment mean?
Amendment XIV, Section 4 allowed the federal and state governments to refuse to pay war debts of the Confederate army as well as any claims made by slave owners for their losses when slaves were freed.
What does Article 4 of the Indian Constitution mean?
Article-4:
This Article allows for consequential changes in the Ist Schedule i.e. names of the States in the Union of India and IVth Schedule i.e. a number of seats allotted in the Rajya Sabha for each state . Constitution will not treat any such law altering existing States or creating a new State, as the amendment.
Why was section 4b unconstitutional?
On June 25, 2013, the Court ruled by a 5 to 4 vote that Section 4(b) was unconstitutional because the coverage formula was based on data over 40 years old , making it no longer responsive to current needs and therefore an impermissible burden on the constitutional principles of federalism and equal sovereignty of the ...
What does Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act?
Section 5 was designed to ensure that voting changes in covered jurisdictions could not be implemented used until a favorable determination has been obtained. The requirement was enacted in 1965 as temporary legislation, to expire in five years, and applicable only to certain states.
Why is Article 4 Section 2 important?
Article IV, Section 2 guarantees that states cannot discriminate against citizens of other states . States must give people from other states the same fundamental rights it gives its own citizens. ... It provides that the second state is obligated to return the fugitive to the state where the crime was committed.
What is the meaning of Article 3 Section 4?
The 1987 Philippine Constitution under Article 3, Section 4 of the Bill of Rights provides, “ No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances ”, while Section 8 under the same ...
What does Article 4 say?
The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government , and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
What 3 things did the 14th amendment do?
The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former enslaved people—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws .” One of three amendments passed during the Reconstruction era to abolish slavery and ...
What does Section 5 of the 14th Amendment mean?
Section Five of the Fourteenth Amendment should be interpreted broadly to authorize Congress to advance the protections of due process, equal protection, and the privileges and immunities of citizenship.
What is our 4th Amendment?
The Constitution, through the Fourth Amendment, protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government . The Fourth Amendment, however, is not a guarantee against all searches and seizures, but only those that are deemed unreasonable under the law.
What is Article 3 talking?
Article III of the Constitution establishes and empowers the judicial branch of the national government . ... Today, we have a three-level federal court system—trial courts, courts of appeals, and the Supreme Court—with about 800 federal judges.
What is the Article 40?
Article 40 of the Constitution which enshrines one of the Directive Principles of State Policy lays down that the State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.
What does Article 1 say?
Article I describes the design of the legislative branch of US Government — the Congress . Important ideas include the separation of powers between branches of government (checks and balances), the election of Senators and Representatives, the process by which laws are made, and the powers that Congress has.
