stored
on one of the two strands of a DNA molecules
as a linear, non-overlapping sequence of the nitrogenous bases Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T). These are the “alphabet” of letters that are used to write the “code words”.
Where is the genetic code of a cell stored?
Most
DNA
is located in the
cell
nucleus (where it is called nuclear
DNA
), but a small amount of
DNA
can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial
DNA
or mtDNA).
Which best describe the storage of the genetic code?
Answer: The correct answer is A. Explanation: A
gene
is a segment of DNA, a condensed DNA molecule makes up a chromosome, a chromosome is inside a nucleus, and a nucleus is contained within a cell.
Where is genetic stored?
In living organisms, the genome is stored in
long molecules of DNA called chromosomes
. Small sections of DNA, called genes, code for the RNA and protein molecules required by the organism. In eukaryotes, each cell’s genome is contained within a membrane-bound structure called the nucleus.
How many genes do humans have?
An international research effort called the Human Genome Project, which worked to determine the sequence of the human genome and identify the genes that it contains, estimated that humans have
between 20,000 and 25,000 genes
. Every person has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent.
What substances compose the DNA backbone?
A phosphate backbone is the portion of the DNA double helix that provides structural support to the molecule. DNA consists of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder. Each strand has a backbone made of
alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups
.
What do genetics do to your body type?
Researchers say your genes can determine where you store belly fat, and that can have health consequences. New research finds that genetic variants affect the “waist-to-hip ratio” that determines where your body fat is distributed. …
What are the 3 types of DNA?
Three major forms of DNA are double stranded and connected by interactions between complementary base pairs. These are terms
A-form, B-form,and Z-form DNA
.
How does genetic code work?
Genetic code is the term we use for the way that the four bases of DNA–the A, C, G, and Ts–are strung together in a way that the cellular machinery, the ribosome,
can read them and turn them into a protein
. In the genetic code, each three nucleotides in a row count as a triplet and code for a single amino acid.
What are the two major steps in passing genetic information?
It consists of two major steps:
transcription and translation
. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene’s DNA is passed to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus.
What makes DNA good at storing information?
DNA’s Info Is Better Protected
The double-helix structure of DNA places
bases inside
the structure, protecting the genetic information from chemical mutagens — that is, from chemicals that react with the bases, potentially changing the genetic information.
How many chromosomes do you inherit from your father?
Normally, each cell in the human body has 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total chromosomes). Half come from the mother;
the other half
come from the father. Two of the chromosomes (the X and the Y chromosome) determine your sex as male or female when you are born.
How old is our DNA?
Because of the chemical degradation of DNA over time, the oldest human DNA retrieved so far is dated at
no more than approximately 400,000 years
,” says Enrico Cappellini, Associate Professor at the Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, and leading author on the paper.
What is difference between gene and DNA?
| Gene DNA | Genes are defined as the DNA stretches. It is used to encode specific proteins. DNA is defined as a biomolecule. It consists of genetic information. |
|---|
What is gene example?
For example, if both of your parents have green eyes, you might inherit the trait for green eyes from them. Or if your mom has freckles, you might have freckles too because you inherited the trait for freckles. Genes aren’t just found in humans —
all animals
and plants have genes, too.
What is A DNA backbone?
The
sugar-phosphate backbone
forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule. … The sugar is the 3′ end, and the phosphate is the 5′ end of each nucleiotide.
