Semantic processing
is the deepest level of processing according to this model. In semantic processing, additional meaning and related information is encoded at the same time. This leads to a very strong memory trace because of deep processing.
What are the three levels of processing in memory?
The difference in how people attend to information forms the basis for Craik and Lockhart’s (1972) levels of processing model. Their theory proposes that humans undertake three levels of processing,
shallow intermediate or deep
, when dealing with verbal information.
Which level of processing model improves memory?
The concept of depth is vague and cannot be observed. Therefore, it cannot be objectively measured. Eysenck (1990) claims that the levels of processing theory describes rather than explains. Craik and Lockhart (1972) argued that
deep processing
leads to better long-term memory than shallow processing.
How does processing style affect memory?
The study supported the depth of processing theory and the hypothesis that processing words on a deeper level leads to
better recall
. This shows that making information more personal can lead to better recall, which is especially important for students when studying.
What is the processing model on how the memory works?
The premise of Information Processing Theory is that
creating a long-term memory is something that happens in stages
; first we perceive something through our sensory memory, which is everything we can see, hear, feel or taste in a given moment; our short-term memory is what we use to remember things for very short …
Which is an example of a deep level of processing?
Deep processing involves elaboration rehearsal which involves a more meaningful analysis (e.g. images, thinking, associations etc.) of information and leads to better recall. For example, giving words
a meaning or linking them with previous knowledge
.
Which is an example of deep processing?
Deep processing is a way of learning in which you try to make the information meaningful to yourself. For example, you might try to
figure out how a lesson on animal biology fits into what you already know about your dog (or cat)
.
What are some deep processing strategies?
- In class: focused attention, listening for something new, notes support understanding of material.
- Interpreting information – making it meaningful for you.
- Relating to prior knowledge.
- Creating a mental image.
- Preread assignments so that material in class makes sense, look for connections.
What are the different levels of processing?
Perfetti (in Cermak & Craik, 1979, p159-180) extends the levels of processing framework to language comprehension. He proposes seven levels:
acoustic, phonology, syntactic, semantic, referential, thematic, and functional
.
Which is the shallowest level of processing?
During the shallower processing level (
perceptual processing
), the subject initially perceives the physical and sensory characteristics of the stimulus; the deepest level (semantic processing) is related to pattern recognition and extraction of meaning, with a greater emphasis on semantic analysis than in shallow …
What does increased depth of processing improve?
The results indicate that deeper processing is associated with
better memory
. You encode things better when you process them more. levels of processing theory. the idea that memory depends on how information is encoded, with better memory being achieved when processing is deep than when processing is shallow.
What is survival processing?
The survival processing effect describes
the phenomenon that memory for items is better after they have been processed
in the context of a fitness-related survival scenario as compared to alternative processing contexts.
Which of the following is a feature of the deepest level of processing in memory?
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the deepest level of processing in memory?
It involves thinking about the meaning of a stimulus
.
What are the five elements of the Atkinson & Shiffrin’s processing model of memory?
(E)
Sensory memory, working memory, encoding, long-term memory, and retrieval
. (E) All five elements listed in this answer are elements in the three-box/information-processing model.
What are the 4 components of the information-processing model?
The information-processing cycle consists of four basic operations:
input, processing, output, and storage
.
What are the 3 stages of Atkinson Shiffrin’s stages of memory processing?
In order for a memory to go into storage (i.e., long-term memory), it has to pass through three distinct stages:
Sensory Memory, Short-Term (i.e., Working) Memory, and finally Long-Term Memory
. These stages were first proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin (1968).
