Concept 10 Chromosomes carry genes. Thomas Hunt Morgan was one of the first true geneticists. He and his “Fly group” made tremendous contributions to our
understanding of the role of chromosomes and genes in inheritance
.
What did Morgan contribute?
He showed that
genes are linked in a series on chromosomes
and are responsible for identifiable, hereditary traits. Morgan's work played a key role in establishing the field of genetics. He received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1933.
Who was Thomas Morgan and what was his major scientific achievement?
In his famous Fly Room at Columbia University's Schermerhorn Hall, Morgan
demonstrated that genes are carried on chromosomes and are the mechanical basis of heredity
. These discoveries formed the basis of the modern science of genetics. During his distinguished career, Morgan wrote 22 books and 370 scientific papers.
What was the experimental material used by TH Morgan?
Morgan used
Drosophila
as experimental material because.
What is the significance of Morgan's observation?
By painstakingly examining thousands upon thousands of flies with a microscope and a magnifying glass, Morgan and his colleagues confirmed
the chromosomal theory of inheritance
: that genes are located on chromosomes like beads on a string, and that some genes are linked (meaning they are on the same chromosome and …
What are Mendel's factors called today?
Mendel's “factors” are now known to be
genes encoded by DNA
, and the variations are called alleles. “T” and “t” are alleles of one genetic factor, the one that determines plant size.
What animal did Morgan experiment on?
Morgan Detects an Unusual Pattern of Inheritance
Thus, he first performed a test cross between
the white-eyed male fly
and several purebred, red-eyed females to see whether white eyes might also occur in the next generation.
Who gave the term genetic?
William Bateson
in 1905 coined the term genetics from the word gene.
Who is father of human genetics?
In order to point out that the inborn errors of metabolism are regulated by genes and inherited in a Mendelian manner,
Sir Archibald Garrod
is widely referred to as the Father of human genetics.
What did the Morgans group discover?
Morgan's first attempts to find tractable mutations to study were quite disappointing. Fortunately, he persevered and found the white-eyed fly
1
. This led to his discovery of
sex-linked inheritance
and soon with the discovery of a second sex-linked mutant, rudimentary, he discovered crossing over.
Who is the father of linkage?
In the early 1900s,
William Bateson
and R. C. Punnett were studying inheritance in the sweet pea.
Who discovered Sexlinkage?
For example, sex linkage was reported in 1910 by
Thomas Morgan
who studied the reciprocal crosses between white-eyed and red-eyed Drosophila.
Why is Morgan used as Drosophila experimental material?
Morgan used Drosophila as experimental material because
It has a short life span
.
What was the most likely conclusion of Morgan's research?
What was the most likely conclusion of Morgan's research?
The pigment in butterfly wings absorbs light from the environment
. The phenotypic expression of wing shape depends on color pigmentation in butterflies. The genes regulating wing color in butterflies are influenced by environmental factors.
Which observation of Morgan's is evidence that crossing over occurs?
Which observation of Morgan's is evidence that crossing over occur?
Linked genes are sometimes inherited separately
. You just studied 20 terms!
What is correct about linked genes?
When genes are found on different chromosomes or far apart on the same chromosome, they assort independently and are said to be unlinked.
When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are
said to be linked.
