Glucose
, a simple sugar, and other carbohydrates made by plants during photosynthesis are broken down by the process of aerobic cellular respiration (requires oxygen) in the mitochondria of the cell. This releases energy (ATP) for the cell.
What simple sugar is broken down in the mitochondria quizlet?
In aerobic respiration, one molecule of
glucose
is broken down to produce 34 to 36 molecules of ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
What simple sugar is produced in the mitochondria?
Explanation: The food we eat is broken down into the simple building blocks and then is transported through the bloodstream to the rest of the body. Cells take what they need from the blood, such as oxygen and
glucose
. The mitochondria then utilize glucose and oxygen in order to produce ATP.
What type of sugar is broken down by the mitochondria to produce energy?
Just as fire burns oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide and water, mitochondria act like furnaces when they convert
glucose
into adenosine triphosphate (ATP): They “burn” (use) oxygen and give off carbon dioxide and water. Because the process uses oxygen, it is said to be aerobic (as in aerobic exercise).
Does the mitochondria break down sugar?
In mitochondria, through
the process of cellular respiration breaks down sugar into energy
that plant cells can use to live and grow. Consumers (organisms that eat other organisms to get energy) have to get sugar and other nutrients by eating other organisms.
What is mitochondria called the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food. This process is known as
cellular respiration
. It is for this reason that mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell. … This process is known as cellular respiration.
Which process take place in the mitochondria?
The process is called
oxidative phosphorylation
and it happens inside mitochondria. In the matrix of mitochondria the reactions known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle produce a chemical called NADH. NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Where does the mitochondria get glucose?
In stage one, glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm of the cell in a process called glycolysis. In stage two, the
pyruvate molecules
are transported into the mitochondria.
What type of cells would need to have the most mitochondria?
A.
Your heart muscle cells
– with about 5,000 mitochondria per cell. These cells need more energy, so they contain more mitochondria than any other organ in the body!
What cell uses glucose?
Red blood cells
rely on glucose for energy and convert glucose to lactate. The brain uses glucose and ketone bodies for energy. Adipose tissue uses fatty acids and glucose for energy. The liver primarily uses fatty acid oxidation for energy.
What does mitochondria use for energy?
Mitochondria are organelles – ‘small organs’ within each cell. They produce energy in the form of a molecule called
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
which gets used throughout the cell to power the different jobs it has to do.
Is there glucose in the mitochondria?
In the mitochondria, the metabolism of sugars is completed, and the energy released is harnessed so efficiently that about
30
molecules of ATP are produced for each molecule of glucose oxidized. By contrast, only 2 molecules of ATP are produced per glucose molecule by glycolysis alone.
How does glucose affect mitochondria?
These data suggest that although glucose affects
mitochondrial respiration
activities, a response mechanism compensates for the changing levels of ATP production caused by exposing worms to different glucose concentrations.
What is the breaking down of glucose?
Glycolysis
is a series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvates. … In organisms that perform cellular respiration, glycolysis is the first stage of this process.
How does a cell break down glucose?
In the cell cytoplasm, glucose is broken down to
pyruvate
. On entry to the mitochondria, pyruvate is converted to carbon dioxide and water. Its chemical potential energy is transferred to ATP.
Why does a cell break down glucose?
Glucose and other food molecules are broken down by
controlled stepwise oxidation to provide chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADH
.
