Photosynthesis in its entirety is
an anabolic, nonspontaneous (endergonic
What type of reaction is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is
an endothermic reaction
. This means it cannot occur without energy (from the Sun). The light required is absorbed by a green pigment called chlorophyll in the leaves. Chlorophyll is found in chloroplasts in plant cells , particularly the palisade and spongy mesophyll cells .
Is photosynthesis a spontaneous reaction?
Photosynthesis is a non-equilibrium system because it is a process that consists of a
series of non-spontaneous chemical reactions
. The overall process is endothermic (∆H > 0) and involves a decrease in entropy of the system (∆S < 0), resulting in a positive Gibbs free energy (∆G > 0).
Is photosynthesis a coupled reaction?
Explanation: Photosynthesis is a complex set of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that use carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O) and light energy to create glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen gas (O2). … In this way, these two reactions are
coupled
.
Is photosynthesis a catabolic reaction?
Photosynthesis, which builds sugars out of smaller molecules, is a “building up,” or anabolic, pathway. In contrast, cellular respiration breaks sugar down into smaller molecules and is a “breaking down,” or
catabolic
, pathway.
What are the 2 kinds of reaction in photosynthesis?
The two stages of photosynthesis: Photosynthesis takes place in two stages:
light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions)
. Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH.
What happens during the chemical reaction of photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that
convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen in the presence of sunlight
.
Is drying of leaves a spontaneous process?
Drying of leaves, spoilage of food and water falling from waterfalls are all natural occurences, therefore, considered as
spontaneous processes
.
Is ice melting spontaneous?
Therefore, ice has a low entropy. As ice melts, the intermolecular forces are broken (requires energy), but the order is interrupted (so entropy increases). Water is more random than ice, so
ice spontaneously melts at room temperature
.
Is photosynthesis always Nonspontaneous?
Photosynthesis in its entirety is an
anabolic, nonspontaneous
(endergonic) process driven by energy captured from sunlight.
What is energy coupling?
energy coupling: Energy coupling occurs
when the energy produced by one reaction or system is used to drive another reaction or system
. endergonic: Describing a reaction that absorbs (heat) energy from its environment. exergonic: Describing a reaction that releases energy (heat) into its environment.
What are reaction types?
The five basic types of chemical reactions are
combination, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement, and combustion
. Analyzing the reactants and products of a given reaction will allow you to place it into one of these categories. Some reactions will fit into more than one category.
Does photosynthesis produce ATP?
The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis. Light is absorbed and the energy is used to drive electrons from water to generate NADPH and to drive protons across a membrane. These protons
return through ATP synthase
to make ATP.
What is catabolism example?
Catabolism is what happens when you digest food and the molecules break down in the body for use as energy. Large, complex molecules in the body are broken down into smaller, simple ones. An example of catabolism is
glycolysis
. This process is almost the reverse of gluconeogenesis.
What is the catabolic reaction?
In a catabolic reaction
large molecules are broken down into smaller ones
. For example, the reverse of the condensation reactions described above, i.e. hydrolysis reactions, are catabolic. • A simple example of a catabolic reaction that occurs in cells is the decomposition of hydrogen.
Which one is a catabolic process?
Digestion
is a catabolic reaction as it involves the breakdown of complex nutrients into simpler molecules.
