A peptide bond is a chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule, releasing a molecule of water (H2O). This is
a dehydration synthesis reaction
(also known as a condensation reaction), and usually occurs between amino acids.
What process is responsible for linking amino acids together to form polypeptides?
A peptide bond is a chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule, releasing a molecule of water (H2O). This is a
dehydration synthesis reaction
(also known as a condensation reaction), and usually occurs between amino acids.
What type of reaction is responsible for linking the amino acids together?
Amino acids can be linked by a
condensation reaction
in which an ―OH is lost from the carboxyl group of one amino acid along with a hydrogen from the amino group of a second, forming a molecule of water and leaving the two amino acids linked via an amide—called, in this case, a peptide bond.
What type of reaction is responsible for linking amino acids together to form polypeptides multiple choice question?
The peptide bonds that link amino acid residues in a polypeptide are formed in
a condensation reaction between the acidic carboxyl group
of one amino acid and the basic amino group of another amino acid. In the context of a peptide, the amide group (CO–NH) is referred to as the peptide group.
What process is used to combine amino acids into proteins?
Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by
peptide bonds
, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.
Which two substances are formed when two amino acid molecules join together?
Proteins
are formed in a condensation reaction when amino acid molecules join together and a water molecule is removed. The new bond formed in protein molecules where amino acids have joined (-CONH) is called an amide link or a peptide link.
Which of the following amino acid is not optically active?
Glycine
is the simplest amino acid and is the only amino acid that is not optically active (it has no stereoisomers).
What is the effect of reacting an amino acid with a base?
If acid is added to a solution containing the zwitterion, the carboxylate group captures a hydrogen (H
+
) ion, and the amino acid becomes positively charged. If base is added,
ion removal of the H
+
ion from the amino group of the zwitterion produces a negatively charged amino acid
.
Which reaction would be used to break down the amino acids?
A chemical digestion process called
enzymatic hydrolysis
can break the bonds holding the molecular ‘building blocks’ within the food together. For example, proteins are broken down into their ‘building block’ amino acids.
What are the two types of secondary structures?
The two main types of secondary structure are
the α-helix and the ß-sheet
.
What are the three major structural components of an amino acid?
Structure of an Amino Acid
Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure , which consists of a
central carbon atom, also known as the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH
2
), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom.
What distinguishes one amino acid from another?
What distinguishes one amino acid from another?
each amino acid has a central carbon (alpha carbon) attached to an amino group
, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen and an R group. The R group has a different structure for each amino acid.
What is the order for protein synthesis?
It includes three steps:
initiation, elongation, and termination
. After the mRNA is processed, it carries the instructions to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins.
How many codons are needed for 3 amino acids?
Three
codons are needed
to specify three
amino acids
.
Codons
can be described as messengers that are located on the messenger RNA (mRNA).
What are examples of polypeptides?
Examples of peptides include the
hormone oxytocin
, glutathione (stimulates tissue growth), melittin (honey bee venom), the pancreatic hormone insulin, and glucagon (a hyperglycemic factor).
What type of linkage is responsible for the formation of proteins?
Peptide linkage
is responsible for the formation of proteins. Protein is formed by the combination of the amino acids that contain amino (-NH
2
) and carboxyl(-COOH) as functional groups.
