The force of compression can push rocks together or cause the edges of each plate colliding to rise. Mountains are a result of
high-impact compression stress
caused when two plates collided.
What type of stress causes the formation of mountains and mountain ranges?
Subduction of oceanic lithosphere at convergent plate boundaries also builds mountain ranges. When
tensional stresses
pull crust apart, it breaks into blocks that slide up and drop down along normal faults. The result is alternating mountains and valleys, known as a basin-and-range.
What type of stress causes fold and thrust mountains?
Plate tectonics can cause continental crustal blocks to collide. When this occurs the rocks between the two continental blocks become folded and faulted under
compressional stresses
and are pushed upward to form fold-thrust mountains.
What are the 3 types of stress in rock?
There are three types of stress:
compression, tension, and shear
.
What causes the formation of fold mountains?
Fold mountains are created
where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together
. At these colliding, compressing boundaries, rocks and debris are warped and folded into rocky outcrops, hills, mountains, and entire mountain ranges. Fold mountains are created through a process called orogeny.
Which type of stress causes fault-block mountains?
Fault Block Mountains:
Tension force
pulls rock apart causing normal faults. Two normal faults cut through a block of rock, the hanging wall between each slips downward, the rock between moves upward, forming a fault-block mountain.
What are the 3 fault types?
There are three main types of fault which can cause earthquakes:
normal, reverse (thrust) and strike-slip
. Figure 1 shows the types of faults that can cause earthquakes. Figures 2 and 3 show the location of large earthquakes over the past few decades.
Which type of stress is a uniform?
This uniform stress is called
lithostatic pressure
and it comes from the weight of rock above a given point in the earth. Lithostatic pressure is also called hydrostatic pressure.
What type of stress is placed on a normal fault?
Tensional stress
is when rock slabs are pulled apart from each other, causing normal faults. With normal faults, the hanging wall slips downward relative to the footwall. Compressional stress is when rock slabs are pushed into each other, like cars in a head-on collision.
What type of stress is tension?
Tension is
a directed (non-uniform) stress that pulls rock apart in opposite directions
. The tensional (also called extensional) forces pull away from each other. Compression is a directed (non-uniform) stress that pushes rocks together. The compressional forces push towards each other.
What does shear stress do to rocks?
Shearing in rocks. The white quartz vein has been elongated by shear. When
stress causes a material to change shape, it has undergone strain or deformation
. Deformed rocks are common in geologically active areas.
What is tensional stress?
Tensional stress is
the stress that tends to pull something apart
. It is the stress component perpendicular to a given surface, such as a fault plane, that results from forces applied perpendicular to the surface or from remote forces transmitted through the surrounding rock.
Is an example of fold mountain?
The Himalayas, The Andes and the Alps
are examples of Fold Mountain. They are the young mountains of the world and hence they have some of the highest peaks of the world.
What are the two types of fold mountains?
There are two types of fold mountains:
young fold mountains
(10 to 25 million years of age, e.g. Rockies and Himalayas) and old fold mountains (over 200 million years of age, e.g. Urals and Appalachians of the USA).
What are the examples of block mountains?
Complete answer: The Great African Rift Valley (valley floor is graben),
The Rhine Valley (graben) in Germany
, the Vosges mountain in France, the Sierra Nevada in the USA and the Harz mountains in Germany are considered as some examples of block mountains.
Which type of stress causes fault-block mountains quizlet?
Where two plates move away from each other,
tension forces
create many normal faults. When two of these normal faults form parallel to each other a block of rock is left lying between them. As the hanging wall of each normal fault slips downward, the block in between moves upward forming a fault-block mountain.
