During the eighteen the Century France was the centre of
autocratic monarchy
. The French Monarchs had unlimited power and they declared themselves as the “Representative of God”.
What were the political conditions in France?
France is
a Republic, parliamentary democracy combined with presidential power
. The President of the Republic is the Head of State. He/She is elected by direct universal suffrage for five years. He/She appoints the Prime Minister and his/her Government at the suggestion of the Prime Minister.
What was the political condition of France in 1789?
As you have read, the King had absolute power and did not have to answer to the people for what he did. In an
absolute monarchy
, the character of the king is vitally important. Louis XVI started his reign as a popular king but, within ten years, he and his queen were hated.
What type of government did France have in the 18th century?
The absolute monarchy
developed between 1624 and 1642 by Richelieu and later by Mazarin, Colbert, Louvois, and Louis XIV was guided by a modern raison d’état, in which the state was eager to further changes of all kinds for its own purposes.
The Ancien Régime
was the social and political system fin the Kingdom of France from the 15th until the end of the 18th centuries. It was based on the rigid division of the society into three disproportionate and unequally treated classes.
What were the 5 causes of the French Revolution?
- #1 Social Inequality in France due to the Estates System.
- #2 Tax Burden on the Third Estate.
- #3 The Rise of the Bourgeoisie.
- #4 Ideas put forward by Enlightenment philosophers.
- #5 Financial Crisis caused due to Costly Wars.
- #6 Drastic Weather and Poor Harvests in the preceding years.
What caused political crisis in France class 9?
The series of events started by the middle class shook the upper classes.
The people revolted against the cruel regime of monarchy
. This revolution put forward the ideas of liberty, fraternity, and equality. The revolution began on 14th July, 1789 with the storming of the fortress-prison, the Bastille.
The Social condition of France during the eighteenth century was
very miserable
. The then French Society was divided into three classes— the Clergy, Nobles and Common People. The Clergy belonged to the First Estate. The Clergy was subdivided into two groups i.e. the higher clergy and the lower clergy.
Following were the social, economic, political and intellectual causes of the French Revolution: …
They were burdened with excessive taxes with no political and social rights
. As a result, they were extremely discontent. Economic – As a result of a numerous wars waged by Louis XVI the State coffers were empty.
What were the three states of the 18th century French society?
The French society was divided into three classes called Estates.
The first estate was clergy (priestly class)
. The second estate was nobles (rich people). The third estate was the commoners (poor and middle class people).
Was France a rich or poor country in the 18th century?
Eighteenth century.
France was large and rich and experienced
a slow economic and demographic recovery in the first decades following the death of Louis XIV in 1715. Birth rates were high and the infant mortality rate was in steady decline.
Who was in charge of France during most of the 18th century?
French political power reached a zenith under the rule of
Louis XIV, “The Sun King”
. In the late 18th century the monarchy and associated institutions were overthrown in the French Revolution. The country was governed for a period as a Republic, until Napoleon Bonaparte’s French Empire was declared.
Who owned the majority of land in 18th century France?
In the 18th Century the majority of land in France was owned either by
the church, the rich people or the nobles
.
Why was Bastille hated by all?
Bastille
was
hated by all
, because it stood for the despotic power of the king. The fortress was demolished and its stone fragments were sold in the markets to
all
those who wished to keep a souvenir of its destruction.
Answer:
The aristocracy and the church
controlled the economic and social powers in France before the 18th century.
What were the conditions of 18th century French peasants?
The condition of the peasants of the Third Estate in the French society was
very poor
. During the Old Regime, peasants made up 90% of the population and had less than 40% of the land. The Third Estate had to pay taxes levied by the state and the church.
