From
1933
to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps on its own territory and in parts of German-occupied Europe. The first camps were established in March 1933 immediately after Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany.
When was the word concentration camp first used?
Although the first example of civilian internment may date as far back as the
1830s
, the English term concentration camp was first used in order to refer to the reconcentrados (reconcentration camps) which were set up by the Spanish military in Cuba during the Ten Years’ War (1868–1878).
Who discovered Auschwitz?
Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler
, head of the SS, approved the site in April 1940 on the recommendation of SS-Obersturmbannführer Rudolf Höss of the camps inspectorate. Höss oversaw the development of the camp and served as its first commandant. The first 30 prisoners arrived on 20 May 1940 from the Sachsenhausen camp.
What happened at Dachau when it was liberated?
During the Dachau liberation reprisals,
German prisoners of war were killed by U.S. soldiers and concentration camp internees at
the Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945, during World War II. It is unclear how many SS members were killed in the incident but most estimates place the number killed at around 35–50.
Who first created concentration camps?
We recall the first use of the term, not during WWII and their use by the Nazis but during the Boer War, in South Africa. The Irish-born inventor of the concentration camp,
Horatio Herbert Kitchener
.
Where are the Chinese concentration camps?
| Xinjiang internment camps | Location Xinjiang, China | Built by Chinese Communist Party Government of China | Operated by Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Regional People’s Government and the Party Committee | Operational Since 2017 |
|---|
When was Auschwitz liberated?
On
January 27, 1945
, the Soviet army entered Auschwitz and liberated more than 7,000 remaining prisoners, who were mostly ill and dying. It is estimated that at minimum 1.3 million people were deported to Auschwitz between 1940 and 1945; of these, at least 1.1 million were murdered.
When was Dachau liberated?
On
April 29, 1945
, American forces liberated Dachau. As they neared the camp, they found more than 30 railroad cars filled with bodies brought to Dachau, all in an advanced state of decomposition. In early May 1945, American forces liberated the prisoners who had been sent on the death march.
When did the Soviets surround Berlin?
| The Race to Berlin | Date 15–23 April 1945 Location Germany Result Soviet arrival into Berlin | Belligerents | Soviet Union Poland Germany | Commanders and leaders |
|---|
Did American soldiers shoot German prisoners?
| Chenogne Massacre | Deaths 80 Wehrmacht soldiers | Perpetrators 11th Armored Division (US Army) |
|---|
What were the worst concentration camps?
| Camp Estimated deaths Occupied territory | Auschwitz–Birkenau 1,100,000 Province of Upper Silesia | Treblinka 800,000 General Government district | Bełżec 600,000 General Government district | Chełmno 320,000 District of Reichsgau Wartheland |
|---|
How many died in Dachau?
Over the 12 years of use as a concentration camp, the Dachau administration recorded the intake of 206,206 prisoners and deaths of
31,951
. Crematoria were constructed to dispose of the deceased.
Why did Boers leave Cape Colony?
There were many reasons why the Boers left the Cape Colony; among the initial reasons were
the language laws
. The British had proclaimed the English language as the only language of the Cape Colony and prohibited the use of the Dutch language. … This caused further dissatisfaction among the Dutch settlers.
Were there concentration camps in ww1?
In World War I, 8,579 male “aliens of enemy nationality” were interned, including 5,954 Austro-Hungarians, including ethnic Ukrainians, Croats, and Serbs. Many of these internees were used for forced labour in internment camps.
Were there concentration camps in Spain?
In Francoist Spain between
1936 and 1947
, concentration camps (Spanish: campos de concentración) were created and coordinated by the Servicio de Colonias Penitenciarias Militarizadas. The first concentration camp was created by Francisco Franco on July 20, 1936 and was located in the castle of El Hecho in Ceuta.
Does North Korea have concentration camps?
The internment camps are located in central and northeastern North Korea. They comprise many prison labour colonies in secluded mountain valleys, completely isolated from the outside world. The total number of prisoners is estimated to be 150,000 to 200,000.
