When racial disparity in sentencing occurs in some contexts, but not others, it is called.
subtle racial discrimination
.
When racial disparity in sentencing occurs in some contexts but not others it is called Group of answer choices?
7.2 According to Zatz, the issue of racial disparity in sentencing “may well have been the major research inquiry for studies of sentencing in the 1970s and 1980s.” 7.3 When racial disparity in sentencing occurs in some contexts, but not others, it is called
contextual racial discrimination
.
What is meant by disparities in sentencing?
Sentencing disparity is defined as
a circumstance where similar cases are not treated similarly or different cases are not treated differently
.
What is sentencing disparity in criminal justice?
Sentencing disparity occurs
when similar cases are not disposed similarly or when dissimilar cases are not disposed differently
. Disparity implies that many offenders are not being sentenced in accordance with legally relevant factors.
What is sentencing disparity quizlet?
sentencing disparity exists
when
.
two different people are sentenced similarly
. discriminations refers to. treatment of individuals based on irrelevant criteria such as race, gender, or social class.
Who started the liberation hypothesis?
The hypothesis also proposes that the extent to which extra-legal factors sentencing outcomes is dependent on the strength of the evidence in the case. The hypothesis was first proposed by
Harry Kalven and Hans Zeisel
in their 1966 book “The American Jury”. Since then, multiple studies have found support for it.
What is contextual discrimination?
Contextual discrimination. Discrimination that
occurs in some contexts or under som circumstances
.
Individual acts of discrimination
.
Discriminatory decisions made by a few individuals within the system
.
What are the two most common reasons for disparity in sentencing?
Racism and sexism
Some prison reform and prison abolition supporters have argued that race and gender are both valid reasons for disparity in sentencing.
Are there racial disparities in sentencing?
Key findings:
Latinos and blacks tend to be sentenced more harshly than whites for lower-level crimes
such as drug crimes and property crimes; However, Latinos and blacks convicted of high-level drug offenses also tend to be more harshly sentenced than similarly-situated whites.
What is the difference between disparity and discrimination quizlet?
Disparities differ from discrimination simply because a disparity refers to a difference but one that doesn’t necessarily deal with discrimination. On the other hand, discrimination is
differential treatment not
based on behavior or qualifications.
Why does the problem of sentencing disparity exist?
Sentencing disparity refers to the ways in which people who committed similar crimes may receive quite different sentences. … As the New York Times article in the link below explains, sentencing disparity exists
because judges are given latitude to decide sentences based on the individual facts of a case.
What are the four goals of sentencing?
Four major goals are usually attributed to the sentencing process:
retribution, rehabilitation, deterrence, and incapacitation
. Retribution refers to just deserts: people who break the law deserve to be punished.
What is an example of indeterminate sentencing?
An indeterminate sentencing structure is one where a sentence for a criminal offense is given as a range. For example,
a defendant could be sentenced to “15 years to life in prison
.” With an indeterminate sentence, a minimum prison term is always given but a release date is left open.
What is the women’s Liberation hypothesis?
The liberation hypothesis proposes
that women’s crime rates increased during the 1960s and 1970s because women gained increased economic and social independence from men
. … Another variant proposes that women’s increased labor force participation created new opportunities for crime in the workplace (Simon, 1975).
What is the chivalry hypothesis?
The chivalry hypothesis
posits that female criminals receive more lenient treatment in the criminal justice system and in news coverage of their crimes than their male counterparts
.
Who developed Powercontrol theory?
Power control theory is credited to
John Hagan
and considered among the first criminological theories that sought to gauge power relations within a family system through patriarchy.
