What are deep-ocean trenches? Long, narrow creases in the seafloor representing the deepest parts of the ocean floor. Most are located along the margins of the Pacific Ocean , with only two being located in the Atlantic.
Where are the deepest areas of the ocean seafloor quizlet?
The deepest portion of the world’s oceans located in the Western Pacific . This is the location where the floor of the Pacific Ocean descends back into the internals of the Earth. The deepest portion of this area is called the Challenger Deep and plunges to a depth of 7 miles.
Which ocean basin is the largest quizlet?
Which ocean basin is the largest? the Pacific .
Which satellite was used during the 1980s to produce seafloor maps based on the shape of the surface?
In 1975, bathymetry in the Bahamas and off the coast of Florida was calculated to a depth of 22 meters by NASA and Jacques Cousteau using Landsat 1. The US Navy used the GEOSAT satellite to create the first global bathymetric dataset of the deep ocean in the mid 1980’s.
Is there more volcanic and earthquake activity at the continental margin of the Pacific Ocean or Atlantic Ocean explain your answer?
Atlantic Ocean continental margin is a thick layer of undisturbed sediment. It has very little volcanic and earthquake activity. Pacific Ocean continental margin is a narrow margin with volcanic and earthquake activity.
What is the deepest ocean zone?
The deepest zone of the ocean, the hadalpelagic zone extends from 19,700 feet (6,000 meters) to the very bottom at 36,070 feet (10,994 meters) in the Mariana Trench off the coast of Japan. The temperature is constant at just above freezing.
What is the most shallow part of the ocean?
Arctic Ocean . The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world’s five major oceans.
Which ocean basin is the largest?
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of the world ocean basins. Covering approximately 63 million square miles and containing more than half of the free water on Earth, the Pacific is by far the largest of the world’s ocean basins. All of the world’s continents could fit into the Pacific basin.
What are the names of the world’s 4 large ocean basins?
Even though there is one world ocean, it has traditionally been divided into four major ocean basins: the Arctic, the Atlantic, the Indian, and the Pacific .
Why is Earth called the Blue Planet quizlet?
The earth is often called the blue planet because almost 3/4 of the earths surface is covered by water . Most of the earths water is saltwater found in the ocean. Salt water contains dissolved minerals.
Where is the deepest part of the trench and what was it called and why )?
The deepest part of the ocean is called the Challenger Deep and is located beneath the western Pacific Ocean in the southern end of the Mariana Trench , which runs several hundred kilometers southwest of the U.S. territorial island of Guam. Challenger Deep is approximately 36,200 feet deep.
Who first discovered the ocean?
Milestones of deep sea exploration
1818: The British researcher Sir John Ross was the first to find that the deep sea is inhabited by life when catching jellyfish and worms in about 2,000 m (6,562 ft) depth with a special device.
Where are deep ocean trenches found?
Deep-sea trenches generally lie seaward of and parallel to adjacent island arcs or mountain ranges of the continental margins. They are closely associated with and found in subduction zones —that is, locations where a lithospheric plate bearing oceanic crust slides down into the upper mantle under the force of gravity.
Why are most oceanic trenches found in the Pacific Ocean?
Why are most oceanic trenches found in the Pacific Ocean? The Pacific Ocean is shrinking and plates are descending below surrounding plates along its edges , hence the creation of trenches.
Where are active continental margins located?
An active continental margin is found on the leading edge of the continent where it is crashing into an oceanic plate . An excellent example is the west coast of South America. Active margins are commonly the sites of tectonic activity: earthquakes, volcanoes, mountain building, and the formation of new igneous rock.
Where are the majority of volcanoes formed and why are they formed there?
The majority of volcanoes in the world form along the boundaries of Earth’s tectonic plates —massive expanses of our planet’s lithosphere that continually shift, bumping into one another. When tectonic plates collide, one often plunges deep below the other in what’s known as a subduction zone.
Where is the Mariana Trench?
The Mariana Trench, in the Pacific Ocean , is the deepest location on Earth. According to the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the United States has jurisdiction over the trench and its resources. Scientists use a variety of technologies to overcome the challenges of deep-sea exploration and explore the Trench.
What is the 2nd largest ocean?
Covering approximately 20 percent of the Earth’s surface, the Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean basin in the world, following only the Pacific. However, it is only slightly larger than half the size of the Pacific Ocean.
What is the trench zone?
Understanding Ocean Zones: The Trench Zone
Nearly three times deeper than the average depth of the sea floor , these zones are known as deep sea trenches. The trench zones are characterized by complete darkness and unimaginable pressures of up to 16,000 pounds per square inch.
What are the 3 major zones of the ocean?
- Euphotic Zone (Sunlight Zone or Epipelagic Zone) ...
- Dysphotic Zone (Twilight Zone or Mesopelagic Zone) ...
- Aphotic Zone (Bathypelagic, Abyssopelagic, and Hadopelagic Zones)
Which sea is the least salty?
Although a vast majority of seawater is found in oceans with salinity around 3.5%, seawater is not uniformly saline throughout the world. The planet’s freshest (least saline) sea water is in the eastern parts of Gulf of Finland and in the northern end of Gulf of Bothnia, both part of the Baltic Sea .
Is there an Arctic Ocean?
The Arctic Ocean is Earth’s northernmost body of water . It encircles the Arctic, and flows beneath it. Most of the Arctic Ocean is covered by ice throughout the year—although that is starting to change as temperatures climb. Pale and stark on the surface, the Arctic Ocean is home to a stunning array of life.
Which is the 3 largest ocean?
Surrounded by the Arabian Peninsula and Southeast Asia in the north, Africa in west and Australia in the east, the Indian Ocean is the third-largest ocean in the world.
What’s the smallest ocean?
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world’s five ocean basins. A polar bear walks on the frozen surface of the Arctic Ocean. The freezing environment provides a home for a diverse range of creatures. With an area of about 6.1 million square miles , the Arctic Ocean is about 1.5 times as big as the United States.
Which is largest ocean or sea?
In terms of geography, seas are smaller than oceans and are usually located where the land and ocean meet. Typically, seas are partially enclosed by land. Seas are found on the margins of the ocean and are partially enclosed by land. Here, you can see that the Bering Sea is part of the Pacific Ocean .
Which country has the largest sea in the world?
| Country The World Factbook | Rank km | World — 356,000 | Canada 1 202,080 | Norway 2 83,281 |
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Which of Earth’s hemispheres contains most of its oceans?
All of this water is not distributed equally over the Earth; 61% of the Northern Hemisphere is covered by oceans, while in the Southern Hemisphere the oceans cover 81% of the surface area (Figure 1.1. 1). Figure 1.1. 1 Ocean cover in the Northern (left) and Southern (right) Hemispheres.
What is in hydrosphere?
The hydrosphere includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air . A planet’s hydrosphere can be liquid, vapor, or ice. On Earth, liquid water exists on the surface in the form of oceans, lakes and rivers. It also exists below ground—as groundwater, in wells and aquifers.
How are ocean trenches formed quizlet?
Ocean trenches are deep sections of the ocean where an oceanic plate is usually sinking below a continental plate. ... They are formed in the subduction zone as the denser oceanic plate is subjected under the continental plate .
What are the 5 main seas?
- 6 Types of Plants That Live in the Atlantic Ocean. ...
- 6 Types of Plants That Live in the Pacific Ocean.
Which is the smallest planet in the solar system?
The smallest planet in our solar system and nearest to the Sun, Mercury is only slightly larger than Earth’s Moon.
In which ocean basin are most trenches found?
Most trenches are located in the Pacific Ocean – the deepest is the Marianas Trench—10,994 meters (36,070 feet) (Figure 15-16). Trenches occur where mobile lithospheric plates plunge into the mantle (subduction zones).
How many oceanic trenches are found in the Indian Ocean?
These troughs extend to great depths, and in the Indian Ocean, there are two particularly deep trenches: the Java Trench and the Diamantina Trench.
Is there a deeper part of the ocean than the Mariana Trench?
Originally Answered: Is there a place deeper than the Mariana Trench? Yes, but you can’t go there . It’s only 9 inches wide. It’s the Kola Superdeep Borehole, 12,262 meters deep, around 1300m deeper than the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench.
Has anyone been to bottom of Mariana Trench?
On 23 January 1960, two explorers, US navy lieutenant Don Walsh and Swiss engineer Jacques Piccard , became the first people to dive 11km (seven miles) to the bottom of the Mariana Trench. As a new wave of adventurers gear up to repeat the epic journey, Don Walsh tells the BBC about their remarkable deep-sea feat.
What has been found in the Mariana Trench?
The organisms discovered in the Mariana Trench include bacteria, crustaceans, sea cucumbers, octopuses and fishes . In 2014, the deepest living fish, at the depth of 8000 meters, Mariana snailfish was discovered near Guam.
Who explored the deep sea?
(CNN) — What lies in the chasmic depths at the bottom of the world’s seas? American undersea explorer Victor Vescovo has become the first person to dive to the deepest points of the earth’s five oceans, and he’s now back on dry land to reveal his discoveries.
What was the first ocean called?
Panthalassa, also known as the Panthalassic Ocean or Panthalassan Ocean (from Greek πᾶν “all” and θάλασσα “sea”), was the superocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea, the latest in a series of supercontinents in the history of Earth. During the Paleozoic–Mesozoic transition c.
What was the first ocean on Earth called?
About 250 million years ago, all of the continents were arranged in one huge mass of land called Pangea (Figure 14.2). This meant that most of Earth’s water was collected in a huge ocean called Panthalassa . By about 180 million years ago, Pangea had begun to break apart because of continental drift.
What is the area where the movement from the ocean trenches volcanic eruption and epicenter of the earthquake happen along the boundaries of tectonic plates?
The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt , is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. Its length is approximately 40,000 kilometers (24,900 miles).
Where is the Peru Chile trench?
Peru-Chile Trench, also called Atacama Trench, submarine trench in the eastern Pacific Ocean, about 100 miles (160 km) off the coast of Peru and Chile .
Is the ocean trench located in the Atlantic Ocean?
The oceanic trench, the deepest in the Atlantic , is associated with a complex transition between the Lesser Antilles subduction zone to the south and the major transform fault zone or plate boundary, which extends west between Cuba and Hispaniola through the Cayman Trough to the coast of Central America.
