The superior olive is situated caudally near the facial nucleus in the tegmentum of the caudal pons .
Where is the medial superior olive?
Gross anatomy
The superior olivary nuclei are located in the pons , while the inferior olivary nuclei are located in the medulla. It is generally situated caudally near the facial nucleus, in the tegmentum of the caudal pons. At the level of the pontomedullary junction, it is lateral in the reticular formation.
Where is the olive in the brain?
The olive is a smooth ovoid prominence just below the pons. It is located in the superior medulla , lateral to the pyramid and ventrolateral sulcus.
Is the superior olive in the auditory cortex?
The second site of synapse for the majority of auditory fibers leaving the cochlear nucleus is the Superior Olive, also located in the medulla. The information reaching the primary auditory cortex is therefore primarily representative of information conveyed from the opposite ear. ...
How many superior olivary complex are there?
There are three major SOC nuclei in most mammals studied: the lateral superior olivary nucleus (LSO), the medial superior olivary nucleus (MSO), and the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB).
What does the superior olive do?
The medial superior olive (MSO) is a specialized nucleus that is believed to measure the time difference of arrival of sounds between the ears (the interaural time difference or ITD) .
How do the medial superior olive structures help in sound localization?
Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO neurons) favor low-frequency sounds . They are also exquisitely sensitive to timing and can react to microsecond differences in the inputs from each ear. MSO neurons accomplish this feat by acting as coincidence detectors.
Where are the olives located in the body?
In anatomy, the olivary bodies or simply olives (Latin oliva and olivae, singular and plural, respectively) are a pair of prominent oval structures in the medulla oblongata, the lower portion of the brainstem . They contain the olivary nuclei.
What do cerebellar peduncles do?
A cerebellar peduncle is a nerve tract that permits communication between the cerebellum and the other parts of the central nervous system . Three pairs of cerebellar peduncles conduct this communication. The inferior peduncles bring sensory information about the actual position of body parts such as limbs and joints.
What is an oblongata?
Medulla oblongata: The base of the brain , which is formed by the enlarged top of the spinal cord. The medulla oblongata directly controls breathing, blood flow, and other essential functions.
How do the medial superior olive structures help in sound localization quizlet?
How do the medial superior olive structures help in sound localization? The medial superior olive structures serve as relay stations in the brain stem where inputs from both ears contribute to the detection of the interaural time differences , which in turn are critical for localizing sound.
What does the superior colliculus do?
The superior colliculus (SC) is a midbrain area where visual, auditory and somatosensory information are integrated to initiate motor commands . The SC plays a central role in visual information processing in the mouse; it receives projections from 85% to 90% of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
Is auditory processing contralateral?
Unlike other systems the auditory system is not exclusively a crossed system, it has both contralateral and ipsilateral inputs to the cortex . ... Also, because the dominant system is the one that has more fibers it is likely it is handling more complex stimuli.
What does the lateral lemniscus do?
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain .
What is trapezoid body?
The trapezoid body is part of the auditory pathway where some of the axons coming from the cochlear nucleus decussate, or cross over to the other side before traveling on to the superior olivary nucleus. This is believed to help with localization of sound.
Where is the cochlear nucleus located?
The cochlear nuclei are a group of two small special sensory nuclei in the upper medulla for the cochlear nerve component of the vestibulocochlear nerve. They are part of the extensive cranial nerve nuclei within the brainstem.
