Silent mutation
: Some mutations that change DNA bases do not have any effect on the sequence of amino acids in the protein. These mutations are called silent mutations and they do not affect the structure or function of the protein because there is no effect on the amino acid sequence.
What type of mutation would have the least overall effect on a protein?
Silent mutation
: Some mutations that change DNA bases do not have any effect on the sequence of amino acids in the protein. These mutations are called silent mutations and they do not affect the structure or function of the protein because there is no effect on the amino acid sequence.
Which mutation is likely to have the least negative effect on an organism?
These mutations are called
neutral mutations
. Examples include silent point mutations. They are neutral because they do not change the amino acids in the proteins they encode. Many other mutations have no effect on the organism because they are repaired beforeprotein synthesis occurs.
Which kind of mutation is least likely to cause a nonfunctional protein?
A nonsense mutation is a genetic mutation in a DNA sequence that results in a shorter, unfinished protein product.
What mutation does not have an effect?
Silent mutations
are mutations in DNA that do not have an observable effect on the organism’s phenotype. They are a specific type of neutral mutation. The phrase silent mutation is often used interchangeably with the phrase synonymous mutation; however, synonymous mutations are not always silent, nor vice versa.
What are the 4 types of mutation?
- Germline mutations occur in gametes. Somatic mutations occur in other body cells.
- Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure.
- Point mutations change a single nucleotide.
- Frameshift mutations are additions or deletions of nucleotides that cause a shift in the reading frame.
Which type of mutation would affect a protein the most?
Although there are other possibilities, the most likely mutation would be
a silent point mutation where a single base is changed
, but the changed codon still codes for the same amino acid.
Which mutation is most harmful?
Deletion mutations, on the other hand, are opposite types of point mutations. They involve the removal of a base pair. Both of these mutations lead to the creation of the most dangerous type of point mutations of them all:
the frameshift mutation
.
What is the difference between a missense mutation and a nonsense mutation?
Nonsense mutation:
changes an amino acid to a STOP codon
, resulting in premature termination of translation. Missense mutation: changes an amino acid to another amino acid.
Why are most mutations not passed onto offspring?
Because
they do not occur in cells that give rise to gametes
, the mutation is not passed along to the next generation by sexual means. To maintain this mutation, the individual containing the mutation must be cloned.
What mutation will cause translation to stop?
A nonsense mutation
, or its synonym, a stop mutation, is a change in DNA that causes a protein to terminate or end its translation earlier than expected. This is a common form of mutation in humans and in other animals that causes a shortened or nonfunctional protein to be expressed.
What kind of mutation is more likely to result in a?
A point mutation could be a silent mutation, maintaining the original amino acid sequence and the resulting protein.
A frameshift mutation
is more likely to result in a nonfunctional protein.
What occurs in a deletion mutation?
A deletion mutation occurs when
a wrinkle forms on the DNA template strand and subsequently causes a nucleotide to be omitted from the replicated strand
(Figure 3). Figure 3: In a deletion mutation, a wrinkle forms on the DNA template strand, which causes a nucleotide to be omitted from the replicated strand.
What diseases are caused by silent mutations?
Likewise, silent mutations that cause such skipping of exon excision have been identified in genes thought to play roles in genetic disorders such as
Laron dwarfism
, Crouzon syndrome, β
+
-thalassemia, and phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency (phenylketonuria (PKU)).
What causes silent mutation?
Silent mutations occur when
the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene’s protein
.
What are good mutations?
Some mutations — known as beneficial mutations — have a positive effect on the organism in which they occur. They generally code for
new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to their environment
.
