Which of the following are involved in the initiation of translation?
RNA polymerase, complementary base pairing, the synthesis of a nucleic acid, and the formation of bonds in a sugar-phosphate backbone
.
What are the 3 steps of the initiation of translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule occurs in three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
Which of the following is involved in the initiation of translation in eukaryotes?
Initiation of translation usually involves
the interaction of certain key proteins, the initiation factors
, with a special tag bound to the 5′-end of an mRNA molecule, the 5′ cap, as well as with the 5′ UTR. These proteins bind the small (40S) ribosomal subunit and hold the mRNA in place.
Which of the following occurs first in translation?
Answer and Explanation: D.
Association of initiator tRNA with small ribosomal subunit
is the step that occurs first in initiating the protein synthesis process called…
What is involved in translation?
Translation involves
“decoding” a messenger RNA (mRNA) and using its information to build a polypeptide, or chain of amino acids
. For most purposes, a polypeptide is basically just a protein (with the technical difference being that some large proteins are made up of several polypeptide chains).
What are the 3 stages of transcription?
Transcription has three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
. In eukaryotes, RNA molecules must be processed after transcription: they are spliced and have a 5′ cap and poly-A tail put on their ends. Transcription is controlled separately for each gene in your genome.
What are the steps involved in the process of translation?
There are three major steps to translation:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
What is initiation transcription?
Transcription initiation is
the phase during which the first nucleotides in the RNA chain are synthesized
. It is a multistep process that starts when the RNAP holoenzyme binds to the DNA template and ends when the core polymerase escapes from the promoter after the synthesis of approximately the first nine nucleotides.
How many initiation factors are involved in initiating process of translation in eukaryotes?
In eukaryotes,
at least eleven
different initiation factors are required to properly initiate translation. Collectively, they ensure that the methionyl-initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA
i
Met
) is brought in the P site of the ribosome to the initiator AUG of an mRNA.
Which of the following is required for transcription initiation in eukaryotes?
Like prokaryotic cells, the transcription of genes in eukaryotes requires the action of an
RNA polymerase
to bind to a DNA sequence upstream of a gene in order to initiate transcription.
Where is initiation in the cell?
Translation initiation is the process of assembly of elongation-competent 80S ribosomes, in which the initiation codon is base-paired with the anticodon loop of initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA
Met
i
) in the
ribosomal P-site
1
.
Which of the following steps occurs earliest in the initiation of translation?
The first step is initiation at the time of translation. During this step, the
smaller subunit of the ribosome can bind with mRNA molecules
to initiate the process of translation. The mRNA now comes in contact with a tRNA (transfer RNA) that brings an amino acid called methionine on the initiating sequence of the mRNA.
Which of the following steps occurs last in the initiation phase of translation?
Which of the following steps occurs last in the initiation phase of translation?
The large ribosomal subunit joins the complex
. This step occurs after the 5′ mRNA is bound by the ribosome and the start codon is bound by an aminoacyl tRNA. At which site do new aminoacyl tRNAs enter the ribosome during elongation?
Which process occurs immediately before translation?
What must happen before translation can occur?
messenger RNA must be transcribed from DNA in the nucleus
. What is the job of transfer RNA? Transfer RNA job is to bring the proper amino acid into the ribosome to be attached to the growing peptide chain.
What are the three molecules involved in translation?
The molecules involved in translation are
mRNA, ribosomes, and tRNA
. During translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) attaches to the ribosome. The ribosome…
What two molecules are involved in translation?
Two types of molecules with key roles in translation are
tRNAs and ribosomes
.
Are ribosomes involved in translation?
Translation takes place inside structures called ribosomes
, which are made of RNA and protein. Ribosomes organize translation and catalyze the reaction that joins amino acids to make a protein chain. Illustration of the molecules involved in protein translation. A ribosome is shown with mRNA and tRNA.
Which of the following is involved with initiation of transcription?
To begin transcribing a gene,
RNA polymerase
binds to the DNA of the gene at a region called the promoter. Basically, the promoter tells the polymerase where to “sit down” on the DNA and begin transcribing.
How is the initiation complex formed in the translation process?
Translation initiation in Eukaryotes
starts with the assembly of the eIF2-GTP•Met-tRNAi
Met
ternary complex
(Richter and Lipmann 1970). After its formation, the ternary complex binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit. This binding is facilitated by the initiation factors eIF1, eIF1A, and eIF3, resulting in the 43S complex.
What happens in initiation of protein synthesis?
The initiation of protein synthesis is the process that results in
bringing together an 80S ribosome with a messenger RNA (mRNA) and initiator methionyl-transfer RNA (Met-tRNA
i
)
.
What process is important for the initiation of translation quizlet?
What process is important for the initiation of translation?
A ribozyme is a catalytic protein that assists in the processing of tRNA
.
What are the key steps in the initiation of translation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, the key steps in the initiation of translation are
the association an initiator methionine-tRNA with the small ribosomal subunit
. The complex binds the mRNA at the 5′ cap and scans for the AUG start codon.
What are the three components of the initiation complex?
initiation complex definition. The complex formed for initiation of translation. It consists of
the 30S ribosomal subunit; mRNA; N-formyl-methionine tRNA; and three initiation factors
.
Which step occurs first during transcription?
Transcription Initiation
. The first step in transcription is initiation, when the RNA pol binds to the DNA upstream (5′) of the gene at a specialized sequence called a promoter (Figure 2a).
Which component is the last to join the initiation complex during the initiation of translation?
The large ribosomal subunit
is the component last to join the initiation complex during the initiation of translation.
