What are the two primary venues in which analysis is accomplished?
The crime laboratory for analysis and the application of crime scene analysis
using all of the data that may be available to the investigation.
What process must Investigators follow when collecting evidence?
They take
photographs and physical measurements of the scene
, identify and collect forensic evidence, and maintain the proper chain of custody of that evidence. Crime scene investigators collect evidence such as fingerprints, footprints, tire tracks, blood and other body fluids, hairs, fibers and fire debris.
What are the 5 steps in crime scene investigation?
- Collect evidence.
- Sketch.
- Interview.
- Examine.
- Photograph.
Why is it important to document investigative efforts that fail to produce evidence?
Why is it important to document investigative efforts that fail to produce evidence?
Because one can report that the investigation was done, and that there was no attempt to hide or falsify evidence
, especially within court.
What is the basis of any defined actions event segments the crime scene analyst identifies?
What is the basis of any defined actions (event segments) the crime scene analyst identifies?
Evidence items and interrelationships between evidence items.
What are the two steps in the process of identifying hair with a light microscope?
- keratin. protien thatthe hair is made of.
- two steps in the process of identifying hair w a microscope: identification of questioned hairs, comparison of questioned and known hairs.
- hair is valuable if. …
- hair used in forensic science. …
- anagen. …
- telogen. …
- catagen. …
- elimination hair sample.
What is the main objective of a forensic investigator?
Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and elsewhere to develop objective findings that
can assist in the investigation and prosecution of perpetrators of crime or absolve an innocent person from suspicion
.
How do you determine which evidence is most important to analyze from a crime scene?
To help identify the evidence that is most valuable, the crime scene personnel
may conduct initial screening tests, called presumptive tests
, at the scene.
What are the 3 stages of the death investigation process?
The 3 stages of a Death Investigation are
Examination, Correlation, and Interpretation
. All are equalling important, each stage needs the input of all involved in that stage of the investigation and each may need specialized input.
What are the four steps used to analyze a crime scene?
The basic crime scene procedures are
physical evidence recognition, documentation, proper collection, packaging, preser- vation, and, finally, scene reconstruction
.
How do you analyze a crime scene?
- Identify Scene Dimensions. Locate the focal point of the scene. …
- Establish Security. Tape around the perimeter. …
- Create a Plan & Communicate. Determine the type of crime that occurred. …
- Conduct Primary Survey. …
- Document and Process Scene. …
- Conduct Secondary Survey. …
- Record and Preserve Evidence.
What are the 4 types of evidence?
- Real evidence;
- Demonstrative evidence;
- Documentary evidence; and.
- Testimonial evidence.
What is the first step used to analyze a crime scene?
Interview
is the first step in processing a crime scene. The crime scene technician must interview the first officer at the scene or the victim to ascertain the “theory” of the case. Basically what allegedly happened, what crime took place, and how was the crime committed.
What are the 5 types of evidence?
- Real evidence. Real evidence is any material that was used or present in the crime scene at the time of the crime. …
- Documentary evidence. …
- Demonstrative evidence. …
- Testimonial evidence. …
- Digital evidence.
What are the 7 types of evidence?
- Personal Experience. To use an event that happened in your life to explain or support a claim.
- Statistics/Research/Known Facts. To use accurate data to support your claim.
- Allusions. …
- Examples. …
- Authority. …
- Analogy. …
- Hypothetical Situations.
What is the first step in the hair identification process?
The first step of the examination involves
verifying whether the hair in question
is that of a human or an animal. If the hair is from an animal, the examiner can potentially identify the species from which it originated, but it is usually impossible to assign the identity of a hair to a particular animal.
What are the 3 stages of the hair growth cycle?
At any given time, a random number of hairs will be in one of three stages of growth and shedding:
anagen, catagen, and telogen
. Anagen is the active phase of the hair.
What are the 4 types of forensic analysis?
- Chromatography, spectroscopy, hair and fiber analysis, and serology (such as DNA examination)
- Pathology, anthropology, odontology, toxicology, structural engineering, and examination of questionable documents.
How do you Analyse hair?
Hair analysis is done by
collecting a hair sample and sending it to a laboratory
. If a DNA test is done on the hair, then the hair collected needs to have the root attached. Hair samples are taken from a specific part of the body, such as from the back of the scalp by the neck or from the pubic area.
What are two methods of forensic science used to identify a suspect?
The two methods used by forensic scientists when examining physical evidence are
identification and comparison
. Identification is the process of determining a substance’s physical or chemical identity. Comparison is the process of ascertaining whether two or more objects have a common origin.
What do forensic analysts do?
The responsibilities of a Forensic Analyst include
examining and analyzing crime scene evidence, visiting crime scenes, and testifying during trials and court cases
. … Ultimately, a top-notch forensic analyst should be able to maintain confidentiality, have good research skills, and possess tact and carefulness.
How do forensic scientists Analyse evidence?
Forensic analysis enables scientists to
identify a person by samples of DNA in
the form of blood or tissue cells for example. This can be done using a technique called polymerase chain reaction, which makes millions of copies of DNA from a tiny sample of genetic material.
How do forensic scientists examine evidence?
Evidence at a crime scene may only be found in small, trace amounts so forensic scientists use a variety of techniques including
microscopic analysis, mass spectrometry, chromatography and DNA analysis
. Once samples have been collected from a crime scene, ESR technicians carries out forensic analysis.
What is the most important tool of a forensic investigator?
What is one of the most important tools of the forensic investigator?
To observe, interpret and report observations clearly
. Where do detectives look for leads in an investigation? They interview witnesses and talk to the crime scene investigators about the evidence.
What is the process of death investigation?
Medical expertise is crucial in death investigations. It begins with
body examination and evidence collection
at the scene and proceeds through history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and diagnosisin short, the broad ingredients of a doctor’s treatment of a living patient.
What are the 4 categories of death?
Natural, accidental, homicide and suicide
are the four categories a death will fall into.
What are the 4 main crime scene search patterns and when are they best used?
Common search patterns include
the spiral, strip/line, grid, zone/quadrant, and pie/ wheel
. The spiral search is used most often for outdoor crime scenes, is conducted by one person, and is done by walking in a circle from the outermost point of the inner perimeter toward the center of the circle.
What are 4 different types of crime scenes?
Different types of crime scenes include
outdoors, indoor, and conveyance
. Outdoor crime scenes are the most difficult to investigate.
What are the two primary goals of concern to the initial responding officer when reacting to any critical incident?
What are the two primary goals of the initial responding officer when reacting to any critical incident?
Bring the site under control and coordinate resources
. There are five basic objectives the officer uses to achieve these goals. Identify and briefly discuss each one.
What are the 3 types of mortis?
This period runs from 3 to 72 hours after death. The early post-mortem phase is most frequently estimated using the classical triad of post-mortem changes –
rigor mortis, livor mortis, and algor mortis
.
What are 3 ways investigators use evidence collected at a crime scene?
- May prove that a crime has been committed.
- Establish any key elements of a crime.
- Link a suspect with a crime scene or a victim.
- Establish the identity of a victim or suspect.
- Corroborate verbal witness testimony.
- Exonerate the innocent.
What are the steps in the investigation process?
- STEP 1 – IMMEDIATE ACTION. …
- STEP 2 – PLAN THE INVESTIGATION. …
- STEP 3 – DATA COLLECTION. …
- STEP 4 – DATA ANALYSIS. …
- STEP 5 – CORRECTIVE ACTIONS. …
- STEP 6 – REPORTING. …
- TOOLS TO HELP.
What are the four basic investigative stages?
- Preserve and Document the Incident Scene. An incident investigator’s first priority should be to ensure that the incident site is safe and secure. …
- Collecting Information. a Interviewing witnesses. …
- Determine Root Causes. …
- Implement Corrective Actions.
What are the four objectives of an investigator?
2. What are four other objectives of investigation? The four additional objectives of an investigation are establish that
a crime was actually committed, identify and apprehend the suspect(s), recover stolen property, and assist in the prosecution of the person(s) charged with the crime
.
What are the essential elements of a successful crime scene investigation?
In this chapter, we have discussed the critical issues of
crime scene management, evidence identification, evidence location, evidence collection, evidence protection, and proper documentation
. These are the most important skills that an investigator can learn and incorporate into their investigative toolkit.
What is the significance of information in the conduct of investigation?
Identifying links between the pieces of information will bring you closer to the answers you seek
, and the evidence to prove them. When you collect enough good evidence, the information you have will be well supported and closer to the truth.
What are the 2 main types of evidence?
There are two types of evidence; namely,
direct evidence and circumstantial evidence
.
What are the 4 key elements of testimonial evidence?
The main rules of the admissibility of testimonial evidence are
materiality, relevance, and competence
. If any evidence, whether testimonial or physical, is material, relevant, and competent. Evidence is considered material if presented to prove a fact which is an issue in the court case.
What are the two types of circumstantial evidence?
There are many types of circumstantial evidence, including
physical, scientific, human behavior and indirect witness testimony
. Both the plaintiff and the defendant may try to use circumstantial evidence to win his or her case.
