Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
is an acute, major, life-threatening complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and ketonuria.
What are the acute complications of diabetes mellitus?
Acute complications include
diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma, and hypoglycemia
. Chronic hyperglycemia is central to the pathophysiology of chronic complications such as cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy.
Which condition is an acute and life threatening complication of diabetes mellitus?
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), lactic acidosis (LA), and hypoglycemia are acute and potentially life-threatening complications of diabetes.
Is diabetes mellitus acute or chronic?
Diabetes is
a chronic (long-lasting)
health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Most of the food you eat is broken down into sugar (also called glucose) and released into your bloodstream. When your blood sugar goes up, it signals your pancreas to release insulin.
Which complication of diabetes causes the most deaths?
Cardiovascular disease
is the most common cause of death in people with diabetes.
What is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?
The long-term effects of diabetes include
damage to large and small blood vessels
, which can lead to heart attack and stroke, and problems with the kidneys, eyes, feet and nerves.
What is the effect on the body of an insulin deficiency?
Insulin deficiency leads
to accelerated protein catabolism as well as diminished protein synthesis
. This manifests as poor weight gain and wasting (see Figure 24.3). Protein depletion may also be associated with reduced ability to overcome infections, as seen in patients with protein energy malnutrition [88].
Which of the following is not associated with insulin action?
The function which was not performed by the insulin is
to Initiate the conversion of glycogen to glucose
. Insulin helps in glycogenesis, it is the process of glycogen synthesis, in which glucose molecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage.
Which of the following disorders is associated with hyperglycemia?
The condition is most often linked with
diabetes
. Hyperglycemia is blood glucose greater than 125 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) while fasting (not eating for at least eight hours; a person with a fasting blood glucose greater than 125 mg/dL has diabetes).
What is the difference between diabetes and diabetes mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is more commonly known simply as diabetes. It's when
your pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin to control the amount of glucose, or sugar
, in your blood. Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition that has nothing to do with the pancreas or blood sugar.
Which of the following is a late complication of diabetes mellitus?
Diabetes is associated with microvascular complications [21] such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as
atherosclerosis and stroke
. These complications occur in the late stages of diabetes and are chronic.
What is the most common complication of diabetes?
- Heart disease. A diabetic has twice a non-diabetic's likelihood of dying of heart disease, including stroke. …
- Foot problems. Diabetes reduces circulation. …
- Kidney disease. Diabetes is the foremost cause of kidney disease. …
- Eye problems.
Which are the two most life threatening complications of diabetes?
Diabetes can lead to both life-threatening and life-altering problems. They include
blindness, heart and blood vessel disease, stroke, kidney failure, amputations and nerve damage
.
What are the symptoms of end stage diabetes?
- using the bathroom frequently.
- increased drowsiness.
- infections.
- increased thirst.
- increased hunger.
- itching.
- weight loss.
- fatigue.
What is the most common cause of death in patients with diabetic nephropathy?
ESRD
is the major cause of death, accounting for 59-66% of deaths in patients with type 1 DM and nephropathy.
What are 3 long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes?
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to a number of short and long-term health complications, including
hypoglycemia, heart disease, nerve damage and amputation, and vision problems
.
