Exposure to very high levels of radiation, such as being close to an atomic blast, can cause
acute health effects
such as skin burns and acute radiation syndrome (“radiation sickness”). It can also result in long-term health effects such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
What type of effect is the result of repeated radiation injuries?
Exposure to very high levels of radiation, such as being close to an atomic blast, can cause
acute health effects
such as skin burns and acute radiation syndrome (“radiation sickness”). It can also result in long-term health effects such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Which tissues contain cells that do not divide?
In contrast,
permanent tissue
consists of plant cells that are no longer actively dividing. Meristematic tissues consist of three types, based on their location in the plant. Apical meristems contain meristematic tissue located at the tips of stems and roots, which enable a plant to extend in length.
Which of the following cells are the most radiosensitive?
Amongst the body cells, the most sensitive are
spermatogonia and erythroblasts
, epidermal stem cells, gastrointestinal stem cells. The least sensitive are nerve cells and muscle fibers.
Which of the following is considered low LET radiation?
X-rays, gamma rays and electrons (including beta particles)
are, therefore classified as low LET radiations.
What are 5 effects of radiation?
| Dose (rem) Effects | 5-20 Possible late effects; possible chromosomal damage. | 20-100 Temporary reduction in white blood cells. | 100-200 Mild radiation sickness within a few hours: vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue; reduction in resistance to infection. |
|---|
What are 5 harmful effects of radiation?
- Dry mouth.
- Mouth and gum sores.
- Difficulty swallowing.
- Stiffness in the jaw.
- Nausea.
- Hair loss.
- A type of swelling called lymphedema.
- Tooth decay.
Which cells can form a complete organism?
A single cell
is often a complete organism in itself, such as a bacterium or yeast. Other cells acquire specialized functions as they mature. These cells cooperate with other specialized cells and become the building blocks of large multicellular organisms, such as humans and other animals.
How is morphogenesis controlled?
Morphogenesis is controlled by
a “toolkit” of genes which switch development on and off at precise times and places
. Here, gap genes in the fruit fly are switched on by genes such as bicoid, setting up stripes which create the body’s segmental form.
What cells continue to divide even when conditions are not appropriate?
Normal cells stop dividing when there is genetic damage or conditions are not favorable.
Cancer cells
continue to divide even when conditions are not appropriate.
Which tumor is most radiosensitive?
- malignant lymphomas.
- seminomas.
- medulloblastoma.
- neuroblastoma.
- Wilm’s tumour.
- early cervical carcinoma.
- vaginal carcinoma.
- most head and neck tumours.
Which part of the body is most sensitive to radiation?
Radiation in high doses can be dangerous no matter what, but some parts of the body are more sensitive than others. The most sensitive parts of the human body are the
lymphoid organs, bone marrow, blood, testes, ovaries and intestines
, according to the Collaboration for Nondestructive Testing[1].
Are oxygenated cells sensitive to radiation?
cells are
less sensitive to radiation
than well oxygenated cells, they may gain enhanced radiation sensitivity following reoxygenation.
What is let in radiology?
Linear energy transfer
(LET) (Fig.
LET is defined as the ratio of energy transferred by a charged particle (dE
local
) to the target atoms along its path through tissue (dx). In other words, LET is a measure of the density of ionizations along a radiation beam.
What is low linear energy transfer?
Low linear energy transfer (LET) ionizing radiation (IR) is
an important form of therapy for acute leukemias administered externally or as
radioimmunotherapy. … High LET IR produces structurally different forms of DNA damage and has emerged as potential treatment of metastatic and hematopoietic malignancies.
What are some symptoms of the manifest stage of gastrointestinal syndrome?
Symptoms are
anorexia, severe nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea
. Onset occurs within a few hours after exposure. Stage lasts about 2 days. Stem cells in bone marrow and cells lining GI tract are dying, although patient may appear and feel well.
