| Robert K. Merton | Alma mater Harvard University (MA) (PhD) Temple University (BA) | Known for Self-fulfilling prophecy Self-defeating prophecy Merton’s strain theory of deviance Role model Reference group Mertonian norms Merton thesis Matthew effect | Spouse(s) Suzanne Carhart Harriet Zuckerman |
|---|
Who came up with deviance in sociology?
In the early 1900s,
sociologist Edwin Sutherland
sought to understand how deviant behavior developed among people.
Which sociologist created an Interactionist conflict explanation of deviance that emphasizes that the response to an act not the behavior determines deviance group of answer choices?
| Question Answer | Crime that occurs across multiple national borders is known as transnational crime. | Which sociologist created an interactionist/conflict explanation of deviance that emphasizes that the response to an act—not the behavior—determines deviance? Howard Becker |
|---|
What is Robert Merton’s theory?
Social strain theory
was developed by famed American sociologist Robert K. Merton. The theory states that social structures may pressure citizens to commit crimes. … These types of strain can insinuate social structures within society that then pressure citizens to become criminals.
Who is the sociologist that said deviation had a function in the society?
Sociologist Robert Merton
agreed that deviance is, in a sense, a normal behaviour in a functioning society, but he expanded on Durkheim’s ideas by developing strain theory, which notes that access to socially acceptable goals plays a part in determining whether a person conforms or deviates.
What are the two types of deviance?
Types. The violation of norms can be categorized as two forms,
formal deviance and informal deviance
. Formal deviance can be described as a crime, which violates laws in a society. Informal deviance are minor violations that break unwritten rules of social life.
What is the root cause of deviance?
Failure of religious and moral values
is the main cause of deviant behavior and delinquency.
Which of the following is an example of deviance?
Formal deviance includes criminal violation of formally-enacted laws. Examples of formal deviance include
robbery, theft, rape, murder, and assault
. Informal deviance refers to violations of informal social norms, which are norms that have not been codified into law.
What is the example of deviance in the community?
Adult content consumption, drug use, excessive drinking, illegal hunting, eating disorders, or any self-harming or addictive practice
are all examples of deviant behaviors. Many of them are represented, to different extents, on social media.
Which of these is an example of primary deviance?
Primary deviance is a “norm” violation – say, for example,
underage drinking
– may provoke some reaction from others, but this process has little effect on a person;s self-concept. Passing episodes like these are considered primary deviance.
What are the 4 types of deviance?
According to Merton, there are five types of deviance based upon these criteria:
conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion
. Structural functionalism argues that deviant behavior plays an active, constructive role in society by ultimately helping cohere different populations within a society.
What is Durkheim’s theory?
Durkheim believed that
society exerted a powerful force on individuals
. People’s norms, beliefs, and values make up a collective consciousness, or a shared way of understanding and behaving in the world. The collective consciousness binds individuals together and creates social integration.
What are the two types of deviance associated with labeling theory?
Explain the two types of deviance associated with labeling theory.
Primary deviance
: this is nonconformity that goes undetected by those in authority. Secondary deviance: this results in the individual being labeled as deviant and accepting the label as true. The explanation of deviance as a learned behavior.
Émile Durkheim believed that deviance is a necessary part of a successful society and that it serves three functions: 1) it
clarifies norms and increases conformity
, 2) it strengthens social bonds among the people reacting to the deviant, and 3) it can help lead to positive social change and challenges to people’s …
What causes deviance and why is it functional for society?
Functions of Deviance
Durkheim argued that
deviance is a normal and necessary part of any society because it contributes to the social order
. … Affirmation of cultural norms and values: Seeing a person punished for a deviant act reinforces what a society sees as acceptable or unacceptable behavior.
How does deviance impact society?
As we have noted, deviance is generally perceived to be disruptive in society.
It can weaken established social norms, and create division and disorder
. But it also has other functions which are not necessarily harmful and may actually be beneficial to society. It is one way that social change occurs.
