According to
Erikson’s
theory the results from each stage, whether positive or negative, influences the results of succeeding stages. Erikson published a book called Childhood and Society around the 1950s that made his research well known on the eight stages of psychosocial development.
Which theorist thought that each stage of development includes a unique psychological crisis?
He said social contact was essential for intellectual development. Children should have many opportunities for social interaction to develop intellectually.
Erik Erikson
(1902-1994) Erikson, like Freud, said personality develops through stages. He thought that each stage includes a unique psychological crisis.
Who believed each stage of development included a personal crisis?
According to
Erikson
, a person passes through eight developmental stages that build on each other. At each stage we face a crisis. By resolving the crisis, we develop psychological strengths or character traits that help us become confident and healthy people.
Which theorist argued that when a child’s actions have positive results they will be repeated negative results will make actions stop?
Skinner
is regarded as the father of Operant Conditioning, but his work was based on Thorndike’s (1898) law of effect. According to this principle, behavior that is followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, and behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is less likely to be repeated.
Which theorist believed that personality develops through a series of stages experiences in childhood profoundly affect adult life group of answer choices?
Theory of Psychosexual Development.
Freud
believed that personality develops during early childhood and that childhood experiences shape our personalities as well as our behavior as adults. He asserted that we develop via a series of stages during childhood.
What are the 5 stages of human development?
- Infancy (neonate and up to one year age)
- Toddler ( one to five years of age)
- Childhood (three to eleven years old) – early childhood is from three to eight years old, and middle childhood is from nine to eleven years old.
- Adolescence or teenage (from 12 to 18 years old)
- Adulthood.
What is lifespan theory?
Life-span developmental theory
concerns
.
the study of individual development, or ontogenesis, from conception to death
. A key assumption of this theory is that develop- ment does not cease when adulthood is reached (Baltes, Lindenberger, & Staudinger, 1998, p. 1029)1.
What is Erikson’s last stage?
Ego integrity versus despair
is the eighth and final stage of Erik Erikson’s stage theory of psychosocial development. This stage begins at approximately age 65 and ends at death. It is during this time that we contemplate our accomplishments and can develop integrity if we see ourselves as leading a successful life.
What are the 8 developmental stages of human life?
The key components of Erikson’s model of human development include stage one, infancy, trust versus mistrust; stage two, toddlerhood, autonomy versus shame and doubt; stage three, preschool years, initiative versus guilt; stage four, early school years, industry versus inferiority; stage five, adolescence, identity …
What are the psychosexual stages of development?
During the five psychosexual stages, which are the
oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages
, the erogenous zone associated with each stage serves as a source of pleasure. The psychosexual energy, or libido, was described as the driving force behind behavior.
Which theorist argued that when a child’s actions have positive results?
Skinner and Reinforcement.
B.F. Skinner
(1904–1990) expanded on Thorndike’s principle and outlined the principles of operant conditioning. Skinner believed that we learn best when our actions are reinforced.
Who said children learn by imitating others?
Some of the most important developmental psychologists, including Switzerland’s
Jean Piaget
, assumed that children developed the ability to imitate during the first year of their lives.
Whose theory states there are four stages of intellectual development?
Jean Piaget’s
theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four different stages of mental development.
What is Sigmund Freud’s theory of child development?
Freud proposed that personality development in childhood
takes place during five psychosexual stages
, which are the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages. During each stage sexual energy (libido) is expressed in different ways and through different parts of the body.
4: According to
Vygotsky adults
are an important source of cognitive development. Adults transmit their culture’s tools of intellectual adaptation that children internalize. In contrast, Piaget emphasizes the importance of peers, as peer interaction promotes social perspective taking.
Two specific cognitive activities influenced by engagement with parents are play and language skills. The classic theory of cognitive development proposed by
Lev Vygotsky
underscores how social interaction can facilitate the development for play, language, and other cognitive skills, such as attention and memory.
