A type II Le Fort fracture
, also known as a “pyramidal” fracture, produces a pyramid- shaped maxillary fragment that may move inde- pendently of the rest of the upper midface and skull base. The apex of the pyramid is situated at or just inferior to the nasofrontal suture.
Which type of fracture is associated with an abrupt rise in orbital pressure?
| Blowout fracture | An orbital blowout fracture of the floor of the left orbit. | Specialty Emergency medicine |
|---|
What is a Le Fort 1 fracture?
Le Fort I level fractures are
essentially a separation of the hard palate from the upper maxilla due
to a transverse fracture running through the maxilla and pterygoid plates at a level just above the floor of the nose.
What causes Le Fort fracture?
Le Fort fractures account for 10-20% of all facial fractures. They result from
exposure to a considerable amount of force
. Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are the predominant cause; other causes include assaults and falls.
What is a Le Fort II fracture?
Definition. The Le Fort II fracture is also referred to as
a pyramidal fracture
. It commonly extends from the pterygoid plate through the maxilla, through the nasal orbital ethmoid area, and nasofrontal bone. Patients with Le Fort II injuries are often admitted to hospital unconscious and intubated.
How do you know if you have an orbital fracture?
- Blurred Vision.
- Double Vision.
- Bruising Around the Eyes.
- Swelling.
- Facial Numbness.
- Difficulty and/or pain moving the eye.
- Nausea and/or vomiting worsened by eye movements.
- Bulging or Sunken Eyeballs.
When should you suspect an orbital fracture?
Clinical diagnosis
Patients who have
diplopia and/or pain with vertical movements of the eyes after blunt midfacial trauma
should be suspected to have an orbital floor fracture. However, the diagnosis of an orbital floor fracture without entrapment can only be made radiologically.
What happens if the zygomatic bone is damaged?
Patients may develop trismus (i.e. the inability to fully open the mouth)
and have difficulty with chewing
. There may also be bleeding through the nose, which depends on the severity of the injury. The cheekbone of these patients may be flattened due to the malar eminence being depressed.
How is Le Fort fracture diagnosed?
- fracture of the pterygoid plates is mandatory to diagnose Le Fort fractures.
- anterolateral margin of the nasal fossa involvement. …
- inferior orbital rim involvement. …
- zygomatic arch involvement. …
- nasofrontal suture involvement indicates either a type II or III fracture.
How do you fix a Le Fort fracture?
Treatment of a Le Fort fracture usually requires
prompt stabilization of the fracture followed by surgery
, in order to restore the typical facial orientation, re-establish proper positioning of the teeth, restore involved sinus cavities, and reunify the nose and eye socket.
What bones are included in a Le Fort III fracture?
Le Fort III fracture (transverse), otherwise known as craniofacial dissociation, may follow impact to the nasal bridge or upper maxilla. The salient feature of these fractures, beyond pterygoid plate involvement, is that they invariably involve the
zygomatic arch, or cheek bone
.
Is nasal bone fracture an emergency?
| Nasal fracture | Specialty Emergency medicine, otorhinolaryngology | Symptoms Nose bleed, swelling, bruising |
|---|
What is the most commonly associated injury with a LeFort I fracture?
Le Fort fractures may be associated with other injuries such as
dental or alveolar ridge fractures
(alveolar and palatal fractures are commonly associated with all types of Le Fort fractures and make the repair more difficult and complex), cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and severe epistaxis.
What is LeFort 2 surgery?
The Le Fort II osteotomy is
a procedure that can simultaneously correct nasal and occlusal deformities
, leading to improvements in a patient’s oral function and facial aesthetics. Despite its potential to correct nasomaxillary deformities, this procedure is rarely performed.
What is a maxillary fracture?
A maxilla fracture
happens when the maxilla becomes cracked or broken
. This often happens due to injuries to the face, such as from falling, a car accident, getting punched, or running into an object. These injuries can be significant.
What bones are included in a LeFort 1 fracture?
Bones fractured in a Le Fort I fracture include the
lower nasal septum
, the inferior portion of the pyriform apertures, the canine fossae, both zygomaticomaxillary buttresses, the posterior maxillary walls, and the pterygoid plates.
