Rubinstein
(1986) developed a stress–diathesis theory of suicide
What is diathesis-stress model?
The diathesis-stress model
posits that psychological disorders result from an interaction between inherent vulnerability and environmental stressors
. Such interactions between dispositional and environmental factors have been demonstrated in psychopathology research.
Why is the diathesis-stress model?
It is useful for the purposes of understanding the interplay of nature and nurture in the susceptibility to psychological disorders throughout the lifespan. Diathesis–stress models can also
assist in determining who will develop a disorder and who will not
.
Who studies psychopathology?
Therefore, someone who is referred to as a psychopathologist, may be one of any number of professions who have specialised in studying this area.
Psychiatrists in particular
are interested in descriptive psychopathology, which has the aim of describing the symptoms and syndromes of mental illness.
How does the diathesis-stress model explain depression?
The diathesis-stress model talks
about the relationship between potential causes of depression and the amount that people may be sensitive or vulnerable to react to those causes
. The diathesis-stress model believes that people have different levels of sensitivity for developing depression.
What is the stress-vulnerability model?
The stress-vulnerability model points
out that a positive outcome of a psychiatric disorder is more likely if environmental stress is minimized or managed well
, medication is taken as prescribed, and alcohol and drug abuse are avoided.
How many models of stress are there?
Stress factors broadly fall into
four types
or categories: physical stress, psychological stress, psychosocial stress, and psychospiritual stress.
Which disorder is not an anxiety disorder?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
(included in the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders), acute stress disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (included in the trauma and stress-related disorders) are no longer considered anxiety disorders as they were in the previous version of the DSM.
Who is vulnerable to stress?
New research from the University of Michigan School of Public Health found that
men
are 50 percent more vulnerable to the effects of stress when the researchers examined how stressful events translated into depression 25 years later.
How does the diathesis-stress model explain abnormal Behaviour?
This diathesis-stress model suggests that people with an underlying predisposition for a disorder (i.e., a diathesis)
are more likely than others to develop a disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events
(i.e., stress), such as childhood maltreatment, negative life events, trauma, and so on.
What is an example of psychopathology?
Some examples of disorders listed in the DSM-5 include major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder,
schizophrenia
, paranoid personality disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
Is depression a psychopathology?
Major depression is
a psychiatric disorder with high prevalence
. Both specialists in cognitive psychopathology and neurobiologists have proposed explanations of the process/systems that exhibit altered functioning during this disorder.
What are the 4 D’s of psychopathology?
One simple way to remember the criteria in defining psychological disorders are the four D’s:
deviance, dysfunction, distress, and danger
(and possibly even a fifth D for the duration).
Which personality trait is most strongly associated with depression?
For the first time, research has found that young people who are high on the personality trait of
neuroticism
are highly likely to develop both anxiety and depression disorders.
What is hopelessness theory of depression?
In brief, this theory posits that
repeated exposure to uncontrollable and aversive environmental stimuli leads gradually
to the belief that the aversive situation is inescapable and a sense of helplessness ensues regarding the situation. This helplessness, in turn, results in depression.
The biopsychosocial model encourages clinicians to explain phenomena such as depression
by examining all relevant biological, psychological, and social factors that might be contributing to the development or maintenance of the disorder
.
