The primary causes were that Sparta feared the growing power and influence of the Athenian Empire
Who is to blame for the Peloponnesian War?
Alcibiades . Alcibiades, (born c. 450 bce, Athens [Greece]—died 404, Phrygia [now in Turkey]), brilliant but unscrupulous Athenian politician and military commander who provoked the sharp political antagonisms at Athens that were the main causes of Athens’ defeat by Sparta in the Peloponnesian War (431–404 bce).
How did the first Peloponnesian war start?
The First Peloponnesian War began in 460 BC with the Battle of Oenoe , where Spartan forces were defeated by those of Athenian-Argive alliance. ... The Athenians were defeated in 454 BC by the Persians in Egypt which caused them to enter into a five years’ truce with Sparta.
Who pushed Athens into the Peloponnesian War?
Alcibiades , (born c. 450 bce, Athens [Greece]—died 404, Phrygia [now in Turkey]), brilliant but unscrupulous Athenian politician and military commander who provoked the sharp political antagonisms at Athens that were the main causes of Athens’ defeat by Sparta in the Peloponnesian War (431–404 bce).
Who were the main people involved Peloponnesian wars?
The Peloponnesian War witnessed the rise of three influential leaders of the time: Pericles of Athens, Alcibiades of Athens, and King Archidamus of Sparta ; these men led their people through a war that lasted twenty-seven years and would have dire consequences for Greece.
What eventually happened to Sparta in 146 BC?
The decisive Battle of Leuctra in 371 BCE ended the Spartan hegemony, although the city-state maintained its political independence until the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BCE.
What did Sparta gain from the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta, which had primarily been a continental culture, became a naval power . At its peak, Sparta overpowered many key Greek states, including the elite Athenian navy.
What caused the fall of Sparta?
This decay occurred because Sparta’s population declined, change in values, and stubborn preservation of conservatism . Sparta ultimately surrendered its position as ancient Greece’s preeminent military power.
Why did Athens lose the Peloponnesian War?
Athens lost the Peloponnesian War for two main reasons. ... The invasion lost Alcibiades, all of the army and navy, and Athens’ morale . Though the war dragged on for another decade, the combined effects of those two problems lost the Peloponnesian War for Athens.
Why did Sparta Not Destroy Athens?
Like the Athenians before the war, the Spartans believed in rule by force rather than cooperation. ... Sparta, however, had another motive for sparing Athens: they feared that a destroyed Athens would add to the growth in influence of Thebes , just north of Athens.
How did Sparta defeat Athens?
Sparta decided to retaliate. Learning from its past experiences with the Athenian navy, they established a fleet of warships. It would be another decade of warfare before the Spartan general Lysander defeated the Athenian fleet at Aegospotami. This defeat led to Athenian surrender .
Why can Athens be called a city of contrasts?
29.2 Why can Athens be called a city of contrasts? Athens can be called a city of contrasts because, people lived in small uncomfortable houses , but the city’s public buildings were large and spacious. ... The Parthenon was built to honor the goddess Athena.
Why is Athens better than Sparta?
Ancient Athens, had a much more stronger basis than ancient Sparta. All the sciences, democracy, philosophy etc were originally found in Athens. Sparta’s only ace was its military way of life and war tactics. Athens also had much more trading power, and controlled more land than Sparta.
Who did Sparta fight?
The Battle of Thermopylae (/θərˈmɒpɪliː/ thər-MOP-i-lee; Greek: Μάχη τῶν Θερμοπυλῶν, Máchē tōn Thermopylōn) was fought between an alliance of Ancient Greek city-states, led by King Leonidas I of Sparta, and the Achaemenid Empire of Xerxes I . It was fought in 480 BC over the course of three days, during the second ...
Where was Sparta located?
Sparta was a city-state located in the southeastern Peloponnese region of ancient Greece .
Who took over Sparta?
When Sparta defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War, it secured an unrivaled hegemony over southern Greece. Sparta’s supremacy was broken following the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BC. It was never able to regain its military superiority and was finally absorbed by the Achaean League in the 2nd century BC.
