| Salah ad-Din Yusuf | Al-Malik an-Nasir | Saladin as depicted on a dirham coin, c. 1190 | Sultan of Egypt and Syria | Reign 1174 – 4 March 1193 |
|---|
What provoked the Third Crusade?
Spurred by religious zeal, King Henry II of England and King Philip II of France (known as “Philip Augustus”) ended their conflict with each other to lead a new
crusade
. The death of Henry (6 July 1189), however, meant the English contingent came under the command of his successor, King Richard I of England.
Who was attacking pilgrims to the Holy Land?
On Holy Thursday they reached Caesarea, and on Good Friday they were attacked by
Bedouin bandits
. According to the longer version of the Annals of Altaich William of Utrecht was killed in battle, (although he actually survived and lived until 1076). The pilgrims fled to a nearby fort.
Who defeated Saladin?
The battle of Montgisard is alluded to in the 2005 movie Kingdom of Heaven, as a battle where
King Baldwin IV
defeated Saladin when he was sixteen.
Did Saladin capture Jerusalem?
Saladin is the Western name of Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub, the Muslim sultan of Egypt and Syria who famously defeated a massive army of Crusaders in the Battle of Hattin and captured the city of Jerusalem in
1187
.
What was the result of the Fourth Crusade?
It successfully reclaimed an extensive territory,
effectively reestablishing the Kingdom of Jerusalem
. Although Jerusalem itself was not recovered, the important coastal towns of Acre and Jaffa were. On 2 September 1192, the Treaty of Jaffa was signed with Saladin, bringing the crusade to an end.
What new products were introduced to Europe after the Crusades?
The Crusades brought cultural diffusion and introduced new ideas into Western Europe. Increased desires for luxury goods like silk, cotton, sugar, and spices. Introduced technologies like
compass, astrolabe, ship designs, and gunpowder
.
Was Saladin ever defeated?
| Date 7 September 1191 | Location Arsuf, Levant | Result Crusader victory |
|---|
Who was Richard the First?
Richard I, byname
Richard the Lionheart
or Lionhearted, French Richard Coeur de Lion, (born September 8, 1157, Oxford, England—died April 6, 1199, Châlus, duchy of Aquitaine), duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99).
How did Saladin rise to power?
How did Saladin rise to power? Saladin
began his military career as a soldier in his uncle’s Egyptian campaign
. In 1169 he became vizier of Egypt’s Fāṭimid caliphate, which was abolished two years later.
What happened to Baldwin’s face?
1842, depicts him being carried into battle on a litter, his
face
uncovered and unscarred, his sword in his right hand. In fact, at the Battle of Montgisard, he was still able to fight on horseback, and he used his sword with his left hand, since his right hand and arm had been the first affected by his illness.
Who ruled Jerusalem before Saladin?
Balian Maiblin
before Saladin, from a drawing from the 15th century.
Who was the king of the Crusaders?
The Crusade was led by three European monarchs, hence its other name of ‘the Kings’ Crusade’. The three leaders were: Frederick I Barbarossa, King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1152-1190 CE), Philip II of France (r. 1180-1223 CE) and
Richard I ‘the Lionhearted’ of England
(r.
Did Saladin let the Christians go?
| Date 20 September to 2 October 1187 | Result Decisive Ayyubid victory Jerusalem surrendered by Balian of Ibelin to Saladin Fall of the First Kingdom of Jerusalem |
|---|
Who controlled the city of Constantinople at the end of the Crusades?
| Sack of Constantinople | Crusaders Republic of Venice Byzantine Empire | Commanders and leaders | Boniface I Enrico Dandolo Alexios V Doukas | Strength |
|---|
Who conquered Jerusalem first?
Scholars believe the first human settlements in Jerusalem took place during the Early Bronze Age—somewhere around 3500 B.C. In 1000 B.C.,
King David
conquered Jerusalem and made it the capital of the Jewish kingdom. His son, Solomon, built the first holy Temple about 40 years later.
