The Peloponnesian War was a war fought in ancient Greece between
Athens and Sparta
—the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece at the time (431 to 405 B.C.E.). This war shifted power from Athens to Sparta, making Sparta the most powerful city-state in the region.
Who fought in the Peloponnesian War and who won?
Athens was forced to surrender, and
Sparta
won the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC. Spartans terms were lenient. First, the democracy was replaced by on oligarchy of thirty Athenians, friendly to Sparta.
Who won the Peloponnesian War?
In the battle, the Athenians obliterated the Spartan fleet, and succeeded in re-establishing the financial basis of the Athenian Empire. Between 410 and 406,
Athens
won a continuous string of victories, and eventually recovered large portions of its empire. All of this was due, in no small part, to Alcibiades.
Who were the two main sides in the Peloponnesian War?
Peloponnesian War, (431–404 bce), war fought between the two leading city-states in ancient
Greece, Athens and Sparta
. Each stood at the head of alliances that, between them, included nearly every Greek city-state.
Why was it called Peloponnesian War?
The Peloponnesian War was
fought between the Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta
. … Athens ended up losing the war, bringing an end to the golden age of Ancient Greece. Where did the name Peloponnesian come from? The word Peloponnesian comes from the name of the peninsula in southern Greece called the Peloponnese.
Did Athens ever defeat Sparta?
Athens lost its dominance in the region to Sparta
until both were conquered less than a century later and made part of the kingdom of Macedon.
Who defeated Sparta?
A large Macedonian army under general Antipater
marched to its relief and defeated the Spartan-led force in a pitched battle. More than 5,300 of the Spartans and their allies were killed in battle, and 3,500 of Antipater’s troops.
Why did Sparta Not Destroy Athens?
Like the Athenians before the war, the Spartans believed in rule by force rather than cooperation. … Sparta, however, had another motive for sparing Athens: they
feared that a destroyed Athens would add to the growth in influence of Thebes
, just north of Athens.
What Sparta like today?
Today Sparta
maintains its good design
, boasting large squares and wide streets lined with trees, while many of the older buildings remain in excellent condition. The city of Sparta is the economic, administrative and cultural center of Lakonia.
Who caused the Peloponnesian War?
The reasons for this war are sometimes traced back as far as the democratic reforms of Cleisthenes, which Sparta always opposed. However, the more immediate reason for the war was
Athenian control of the Delian League
, the vast naval alliance that allowed it to dominate the Mediterranean Sea.
What caused the fall of Athens?
The arrogance of the Athenians clearly was a key factor in their destruction. Three major causes of the rise and fall of Athens were
its democracy, its leadership, and its arrogance
. … Their arrogance was a result of great leadership in the Persian Wars, and it led to the end of Athenian power in Greece.
Who won the Second Peloponnesian War?
Alcibiades convinced the Spartans to send a second fleet, and accompanied this smaller force of five ships in person.
The Athenians
won a second victory in this period, defeating a fleet of Peloponnesian ships coming back from Sicily off Leucadia.
Why did Sparta declare war on Athens?
When Sparta declared war, it announced that
it wanted to liberate Greece from Athenian oppression
. And with some justification, because Athens had converted the Delian League, which had once been meant as a defensive alliance against the Persian Empire, into an Athenian empire.
What did Sparta gain from the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta, which had primarily been a continental culture,
became a naval power
. At its peak, Sparta overpowered many key Greek states, including the elite Athenian navy.
What caused Athens to lose Peloponnesian War?
What contributed to Athens losing the Peloponnesian War? –
Athens was overcrowded, and a plague spread through the city
. – The death of Pericles led the Spartans to attack Athens directly. – The Spartans successfully broke through the walls around Athens.
Where was Sparta located?
Sparta was a city-state located in
the southeastern Peloponnese region of ancient Greece
. Sparta grew to rival the size of the city-states Athens and Thebes by subjugating its neighboring region of Messenia.
