Prokaryotes do not have membrane-enclosed nuclei
. Therefore, the processes of transcription, translation, and mRNA degradation can all occur simultaneously. … Prokaryotic transcription often covers more than one gene and produces polycistronic mRNAs that specify more than one protein.
How does transcription and translation differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments:
transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm
. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled (Figure 28.15).
Why can translation begin before transcription is complete in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?
Why can translation begin before transcription is complete in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes? …
Because mRNA is produced in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes
, the start codons of an mRNA being transcribed are available to ribosomes before the entire mRNA molecule is even made.
Why is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic translations are involved in protein synthesis. The key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic translation is that
eukaryotic translation and transcription is an asynchronous process
whereas prokaryotic translation and transcription is a synchronous process.
Is statement true of translation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Translation is a universal process occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
. The fundamental process of translation is same in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Members of both groups uses information present in mRNA, which is came from the DNA by transcription, to synthesize proteins with ribosome as the machinery.
Which step in translation is significantly different between eukaryotes and bacteria?
Translation has three main stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
. These differ slightly in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms: in prokaryotes, translation occurs in the cytoplasm, while in eukaryotes, translation takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum.
What are two major differences between transcription in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes?
| Prokaryotic Transcription Eukaryotic Transcription | Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm Eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm. | RNAs are released and processed in the cytoplasm RNAs are released and processed in the nucleus |
|---|
Is transcription the same in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
There is no such structure seen in prokaryotes. Another main difference between the two is that
transcription and translation occurs simultaneously in prokaryotes
and in eukaryotes the RNA is first transcribed in the nucleus and then translated in the cytoplasm. … Eukaryotes contain mRNAs that are monocystronic.
What occurs in prokaryotes but not eukaryotes?
Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that they
lack any membrane-bound organelles
, including a nucleus. Instead, prokaryotic cells simply have an outer plasma membrane, DNA nucleoid structure, and ribosomes.
What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein synthesis?
In eukaryotes, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, protein synthesis
begins even before the transcription of mRNA molecule is completed
. This is called coupled transcription – translation. In eukaryotes, most of the gene have introns or non coding sequences along with exons or coding sequences.
Where does the process of translation occur in eukaryotes in prokaryotes?
Prokaryotic transcription and translation occur simultaneously
in the cytoplasm
, and regulation occurs at the transcriptional level. Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated during transcription and RNA processing, which take place in the nucleus, and during protein translation, which takes place in the cytoplasm.
How is translation initiated in eukaryotes?
Translation initiation is a complex process in which initiator tRNA, 40S, and 60S ribosomal subunits are assembled by eukaryotic initiation factors
(eIFs) into an 80S ribosome at the initiation codon of mRNA
. … Initiation on a few mRNAs is cap-independent and occurs instead by internal ribosomal entry.
Which of the following is a common feature of translation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A common feature of translation in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes is:
hydrolysis of GTP to promote binding of the charged aminoacyl-tRNA (AA-tRNAAA)
.
How is translation terminated in prokaryotes?
Termination. Termination of translation occurs
when a nonsense codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) is encountered
. Upon aligning with the A site, these nonsense codons are recognized by protein release factors that resemble tRNAs.
What are the steps of translation in prokaryotes?
- Activation of aminoacids: The activation of aminoacids take place in cytosol. The activation of aminoacids is catalyzed by their aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. …
- Initiation:
- Elongation: i. …
- Termination: The peptide bond formation and elongation of polypeptide continues until stop codon appear on A-site.
What are 3 steps of translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
