Behaviorism rejected the idea of psychology as the study of mental processes because:
they felt that the use of introspection was unscientific. they felt it was impossible to study the mind objectively.
Why did behaviorists reject the study of mental processes?
Watson and B. F. … A) John Watson and B. F. Skinner rejected the study of consciousness and mental processes
because they are private events that cannot be verified scientifically
. These behaviorists focused on the antecedents of a behavior, the behavior, and the consequences of the behavior.
Which of the following did behaviorists want to eliminate from the study of psychology?
In 1913 Watson declared he was a new type of psychologist: a behaviorist. Watson said the behaviorist would completely eliminate
introspection from psychology
. Psychologists should adhere to scientific method, Watson said, studying only things that could be observed and measured.
Why did psychologists of the early 1900s stop defining psychology as the study of mind?
Why did psychologist of the early 1900s stop defining psychology as the study of the mind?
Research deals only with the observable
. … Mental activity is the same thing as brain activity. Someone interested in the nature-nurture issue would probably explore how behavioral development depends on which factors?
Why did early psychologists reject the study of conscious experience?
While Wundt and James were concerned with understanding conscious experience, Watson thought that the study of
consciousness was flawed
. Because he believed that objective analysis of the mind was impossible, Watson preferred to focus directly on observable behavior and try to bring that behavior under control.
What did behaviorists dismissed the value of?
Behaviorism was a movement in psychology and philosophy that emphasized the outward behavioral aspects of thought and dismissed
the inward experiential, and sometimes the inner procedural, aspects as well
; a movement harking back to the methodological proposals of John B. Watson, who coined the name.
Why did early behaviorists focus on observable behavior?
While Wundt and James were concerned with understanding conscious experience, Watson thought that the study of consciousness was flawed. Because he believed
that objective analysis of the mind was impossible
, Watson preferred to focus directly on observable behavior and try to bring that behavior under control.
What has been opposed by behaviourist approach?
Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable behavior, as opposed to
internal events like thinking and emotion
: While behaviorists often accept the existence of cognitions and emotions, they prefer not to study them as only observable (i.e., external) behavior can be objectively and scientifically measured.
What did behaviorists focus?
Behaviorism emphasizes the role of environmental factors in influencing behavior, to the near exclusion of innate or inherited factors. This amounts essentially to a focus on
learning
. We learn new behavior through classical or operant conditioning (collectively known as ‘learning theory’).
What does a behaviorists study?
Behaviorists study
the psychology of behaviors
, also known as behaviorism. Behaviorists will examine how behaviors adapt to stimuli.
Why can psychologists claim that psychology is one of the oldest scholarly disciplines as well as one of the newest?
Psychology is known to be one of the oldest scholarly disciplines as well as one of the newest
because it has been traced back to the fifth century
. … The nineteenth century is the time where psychology became an independent development that used unique methods of examination and logical theory.
Why did so many psychologists of the mid-1900s study rats in mazes?
In the mid-1900s, many psychologists studied rats in mazes. What was their goal?
They expected to discover general laws of learning
. Which of the following is an example of a question for “applied research”?
Why did behaviorists of the mid-1900s concentrated on studying rats in a maze?
During the mid-1900s, many experimental psychologists studied rats in mazes. As
this approach failed to produce general laws of learning and behavior, researchers became discouraged with it and largely abandoned it
. … This field of psychology now influences researchers in almost all fields.
Why do psychologists reject dualism?
Descartes argued the body was nothing more than an organic machine governed by reflex and that the rational mind was divine and separate from the physical body. Psychologists reject dualism. … He
thought the more complex psychological tasks would require more brain activity and so would take longer than simple tasks
.
How do humanistic psychologists differ from behaviorists?
How do humanistic psychologists differ from behaviorists? While behaviorists believe people are conditioned to behave as they do,
humanistic psychologists believe behavior is a result of free choice
. … Freud gained his understanding of human behavior in consultations with patients.
Which psychological school of thought rejected the study of conscious experience and began to focus on its function?
History.
Functionalism
was a philosophy opposing the prevailing structuralism of psychology of the late 19th century. Edward Titchener, the main structuralist, gave psychology its first definition as a science of the study of mental experience, of consciousness, to be studied by trained introspection.
Which statement best exemplifies contemporary psychology’s understanding of the nature and nurture issue *?
introspection versus structuralism. Which statement best exemplifies contemporary psychology’s understanding of the nature-nurture issue?
a. Children learn grammar mostly from experience.
What did behaviorists say should be the focal point of psychological research?
The primary tenet of behaviourism is that
psychology should concern itself with the observable behaviour of people and animals, not with unobservable events that take place in their minds
.
What did the unreliability of introspection lead to?
So, if one’s introspective mechanisms are unreliable, then there will be cases of
brute ignorance and brute error
in which the experiences that one actually has come apart from the experiences that one has introspective justification to believe one has.
Which major force in the history of psychology emphasized unconscious thought processes?
Psychoanalysis
is a school of psychology founded by Sigmund Freud. This school of thought emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.
What is the theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists?
What is the theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists?
To predict and control future behaviors
.
How did psychology develop from its Prescientific roots?
How did psychology develop from its prescientific roots in early understandings of mind and body to the beginnings of modern science?
Psychology traces its roots back through recorded history to India, China, the Middle East, and Europe
. Buddha and Confucius focused on the powers and origin of ideas.
Why do behaviorists not collect qualitative data?
Because of
the time and costs involved
, qualitative designs do not generally draw samples from large-scale data sets. The problem of adequate validity or reliability is a major criticism.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of the behaviourist approach?
- STRENGTH: Scientific credibility. …
- STRENGTH: Real-life application. …
- WEAKNESS: Mechanistic view of behaviour. …
- WEAKNESS: Environmental determinism. …
- WEAKNESS: Ethical and practical issues in animal experiments.
How do behaviorists view the unconscious?
This is an example of the behaviorism theory that psychologist John Watson came up with and argued against the structuralists. This theory means that all
behavior is learned and stems from unconscious
motivation. … Behaviorism claims that consciousness is neither a definite nor a usable concept.
Which of the following is criticism of evolutionary psychology?
A frequent criticism of evolutionary psychology is that
its theories and assumptions are not falsifiable
. One theory, for example, asserts that human social behavior is guided by specific evolved predispositions that were selected because they enhanced reproductive success during human evolutionary history.
Why is it important to study biopsychology?
Biopsychology represents one of the
important ways of thinking about psychology
. This perspective in psychology has allowed researchers to gain a greater understanding of how the brain and nervous system influence human behavior.
How does the behaviourist approach explain human Behaviour?
How do behaviourists explain human behaviour? Behaviourists explain behaviour in terms of (1)
the stimuli that elicit it and (2) the events that caused the person to learn to respond to the stimulus that way
. … In operant conditioning, people learn to perform new behaviours through the consequences of the things they do.
Is the behaviourist approach scientific?
The Behaviourist approach
made a deliberate effort to be scientific
, and therefore refused to discuss mental processes that might be involved in learning because they are not observable and could not be studied objectively.
What is the behaviourist approach in psychology?
Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is
a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning
. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Behaviorists believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape our actions. 1
What is the behaviourist perspective of learning?
Behaviorism focuses on the
idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment
. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.
Why did behaviorists avoid research on thought and knowledge?
Behaviorists avoid research on thought and knowledge. … They
believe that unconscious thought is more important than conscious thought
.
Why did psychologists of the early 1900s stop defining psychology as the study of mind?
Why did psychologist of the early 1900s stop defining psychology as the study of the mind?
Research deals only with the observable
. … Mental activity is the same thing as brain activity. Someone interested in the nature-nurture issue would probably explore how behavioral development depends on which factors?
What event led to a great expansion of clinical psychology?
During World War II
, clinical psychologists were called upon to help treat what was then known as shell shock, now referred to as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The demand for professionals to treat the many returning veterans in need of care contributed to the growth of clinical psychology during this period.
Why did psychology started in Germany?
The academic discipline of psychology was founded institutionally in Germany
at the end of the nineteenth century
. It was a natural outgrowth of the progressive German university system, which was hospitable to the development of new disciplines such as linguistics and psychology.
Why is it important to study the history of psychology quizlet?
Why is it important to study the history of psychology?
It helps us enlarge the perspective of the world, developing and maintaining close mindedness
. What was the critique of history in psychology? You just studied 83 terms!
What is a Zeitgeist how does it relate to the history of psychology?
The Zeitgeist is
the physical environment, it is subject to change
. We see evidence of this evolutionary process throughout the history of psychology. When the Zeitgeist favored speculation, meditation, and intuition as paths to truth, psychology also favored those methods.
Why can psychologists claim that psychology is one of the oldest scholarly disciplines as well as one of the newest?
Psychology is known to be one of the oldest scholarly disciplines as well as one of the newest
because it has been traced back to the fifth century
. … The nineteenth century is the time where psychology became an independent development that used unique methods of examination and logical theory.
What did early comparative psychologists discover about animal intelligence?
What did early comparative psychologists discover about animal intelligence?
Psychologists made more progress in understanding sensation than emotion or personality
.
How do humanistic psychologists differ from behaviorists?
How do humanistic psychologists differ from behaviorists? While behaviorists believe people are conditioned to behave as they do,
humanistic psychologists believe behavior is a result of free choice
. … Freud gained his understanding of human behavior in consultations with patients.
Who rejected studying the mind?
Hence, from the given four psychologists,
John Watson
rejected the ideas of mind and consciousness as subject matters of psychology.
