Why do researchers use adoption studies in an effort to reveal genetic influences on personality? …
To evaluate whether adopted children more closely resemble their adoptive parents or their biological parents
.
What is the purpose of adoption studies?
Adoption studies are used
to estimate the degree to which variation in a trait is due to environmental and genetic influences
.
Why do some researchers question the use of adoption studies for assessing the relative influences of genetics and environment on development?
Adoption studies are used
to estimate the degree to which variation in a trait is due to environmental and genetic influences
.
What are two possible concerns with adoption studies of genetic influence?
Adoption studies have pinpointed that some traits are linked to genetics, for example,
Schizophrenia, IQ and criminality
, however other compound factors (such as age and environment) can have an impact too.
What is an advantage of an adoption study in determining the level of genetic inheritance of behavior?
What is an advantage of an adoption study in determining the level of genetic inheritence on behaviour?
The researcher can determine the role of environmental and genetic factors by seeing if the adopted children share the behaviours of their biological parents
.
What are the problems with adoption studies?
There is always a danger that adoption studies may create a rift in families, by
drawing attention to the differences between the adopted children and their step-brothers or step
-sisters, or drawing unfortunate comparisons to the children’s biological parents.
What are the disadvantages of adoption studies?
- It is likely that only certain types of family are accepted as adoption parents, so they are all likely to be similar to one another.
- Children tend to be placed in families like their own, meaning the adoptive and biological environments are likely to be similar.
Which is a common criticism of twin studies?
Critics of twin studies argue that they are
based on false or questionable assumptions
, including that monozygotic twins share 100% of their genes and the equal environments assumption.
Who are likely to show the greatest similarity in temperament?
Most of the
identical twins
even have the same sex. Temperaments in identical twins will show greatest care similarity as these individuals share the same genome.
What is the study of how the structure and function of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior called?
What is the study of how the structure and function of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior called? a.
Molecular behavior genetics
.
How does genetics and environment influence the similarities and differences within twins?
Any differences between identical twins is expected to be due to environmental factors since
they are genetically identical
, whereas fraternal twins only share half of their genes on average. … When a genetic influence is dominant, the identical twins would have more trait similarity than fraternal twins.
What are the limitations of twin studies?
Limitations of twin studies
Results from twin studies
cannot be directly generalized to the general population
, due to lack of randomization; in addition, they are different with regard to their developmental environment, as two fetuses growing simultaneously.
Do adopted children act like their biological parents?
After hundreds of such studies were conducted, the results revealed that
adopted children’s personalities are more like those of their biological parents
whom they’ve never met than their adoptive parents who raised them. This effect is especially pronounced for degrees of shyness/outgoingness and agreeableness.
Is intelligence based on genetics or environment?
Like most aspects of human behavior and cognition, intelligence is a complex trait that is
influenced by both genetic and environmental factors
. Intelligence is challenging to study, in part because it can be defined and measured in different ways.
How is heritability determined?
Heritability is estimated by
comparing individual phenotypic variation among related individuals in a population
, by examining the association between individual phenotype and genotype data, or even by modeling summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
How does genetics affect the environment?
The expression of genes in an organism can be influenced by the environment, including the
external world
in which the organism is located or develops, as well as the organism’s internal world, which includes such factors as its hormones and metabolism.
