Forth – the carbon monoxide removes the oxygen from the iron oxide to produce iron metal and carbon dioxide. Limestone is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and it is added to the blast furnace to remove the impurities in the iron ore , as mentioned above.
What is the fuel used in blast furnace?
The iron blast furnace uses carbon as a fuel to meet the energy requirements of the process as well as a reducing agent for smelting the iron ore to pig iron. The most widespread form of carbon used for this purpose is metallurgical coke.
Why carbon is used in blast furnace?
Blast furnaces operate on the principle of chemical reduction whereby carbon monoxide, having a stronger affinity for the oxygen in iron ore than iron does, reduces the iron to its elemental form.
Why coke is used in blast furnace not coal?
Since smoke-producing constituents are driven off during the coking of coal, coke forms a desirable fuel for stoves and furnaces in which conditions are not suitable for the complete burning of bituminous coal itself. Coke may be combusted producing little or no smoke , while bituminous coal would produce much smoke.
Why is oxygen used in blast furnace?
The use of pure oxygen at high flow rates results in such fast oxidation of the elements contained in blast-furnace iron that only about 20 minutes are required per heat—i.e., to refine one charge.
Which is closest to the purest form of the iron?
> The purest form of iron is Wrought iron . It is an alloy of iron with very low carbon content when compared with cast iron. It is a semi-fused mass of iron which has fibrous slag inclusions. Wrought iron is tough, malleable, ductile and can be easily welded.
How pig iron is produced in blast furnace?
Blast furnaces produce pig iron from iron ore by the reducing action of carbon (supplied as coke) at a high temperature in the presence of a fluxing agent such as limestone.
What is the hottest furnace on earth?
The current official highest registered air temperature on Earth is 56.7 °C (134.1 °F), recorded on 10 July 1913 at Furnace Creek Ranch , in Death Valley in the United States.
How steel is made in blast furnace?
To make steel, iron ore is first mined from the ground . It is then smelted in blast furnaces where the impurities are removed and carbon is added. ... About halfway down, limestone begins to react with impurities in the ore and the coke to form a slag. Ash from the coke is absorbed by the slag.
Which fuel causes least pollution?
Natural gas is the cleanest fuel and causes the least pollution when burnt compared to petrol, diesel and coal.
Why coke is not used as fuel?
Answer: because fuel has different properties than coke as fuel can help a car move and coke can't do do that as it does not have the chemicals to complete that task ...
Which is a better fuel coal or coke?
Coke is a better fuel than coal because; -Coke produces more heat on burning than coal. -Coke has a higher calorific value than coal. When equal masses of coke and coal are burnt, coke produces more heat.
What is coke vs coal?
What is the difference between coal and coke fuel? Coal is a shiny, black fossil fuel that contains impurities, emits smoke when burned, and produces less heat than coke . Coke is a dull, black byproduct of coal that burns hotter and cleaner.
Why scrap is added in BOF steelmaking?
Thermal balance of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking is controlled primarily by the scrap added as coolant . ... These coolants have varying cooling effects and significantly influence the blowing parameters and turn-down performance.
Why oxygen is used in steel plants?
Oxygen pretreatment in the ladle is used to reduce the metalloid content of open hearth furnace charges . In solid fuel combustion, producer gas can be upgraded to increase melting rates in open hearth furnaces. Oxygen is used to increase ferromanganese production and to decrease the specific fuel consumption.
Do steel plants use oxygen?
In view of the high demand for oxygen in the country, steel plant requires gaseous oxygen , primarily for steel making and for oxygen enrichment in Blast Furnaces, apart from some general purposes like lancing and gas cutting.
