Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections, are infections that patients get while receiving treatment for medical or surgical conditions .
How do hospital-acquired infections occur?
Infections can be associated with the devices used in medical procedures, such as catheters or ventilators . These healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) include central line-associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia.
What are healthcare acquired infections caused by?
Central venous catheters are considered the primary source of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections. The other sources of bloodstream infections are catheter-associated urinary tract infections and ventilator-associated Pneumonia.
Which of the following is a common healthcare acquired infection?
Respiratory tract infections (Pneumonia)
It can affect people of any age but can be more serious for the very young or the elderly. Hospital-acquired pneumonia affects 0.5% to 1.0% of hospitalised patients and is the most common healthcare-associated infection contributing to death.
What are the four 4 most common hospital-acquired infections?
Hospital-acquired infections are caused by viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens; the most common types are bloodstream infection (BSI), pneumonia (eg, ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP]), urinary tract infection (UTI), and surgical site infection (SSI) .
What is the most common cause of healthcare associated infections?
- Use of catheter (drainage tube) or ventilator (breathing tube).
- Injections.
- Surgery.
- Facility or equipment not properly cleaned and disinfected.
- Disease that spreads between healthcare worker to patient or patient to patient.
What are two common sources of infection?
- Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
- Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases ranging from the common cold to AIDS.
- Fungi. ...
- Parasites.
What are the three common types of HAIs?
Major Types of HAIs
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) Surgical site infection (SSI)
What are 6 most common hospital acquired infections?
- Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
- Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI)
- Surgical site infections.
- Clostridium difficile.
- Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP)
- Surgical site infection (SSI)
How are infections caused?
An infection occurs when germs enter the body, increase in number, and cause a reaction of the body . Three things are necessary for an infection to occur: Source: Places where infectious agents (germs) live (e.g., sinks, surfaces, human skin) Susceptible Person with a way for germs to enter the body.
What are the 3 main ways infection can get into the body?
the air as small droplets (droplet spread) or tiny aerosol particles (airborne spread) contact with faeces (poo) and then with the mouth (faeco-oral spread) contact with the skin or mucus membranes (the thin moist lining of many parts of the body such as the nose, mouth, throat and genitals) (contact spread)
What are 7 common sources of infection?
Common sources of infection
Sources, e.g. airborne, blood borne, sexually transmitted, fecal, oral, environment, stagnant water, warm-water systems, animals .
What pathogens and types of infections are common among hospital acquired infections?
According to the CDC, the most common pathogens that cause nosocomial infections are Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and E. coli . Some of the common nosocomial infections are urinary tract infections, respiratory pneumonia, surgical site wound infections, bacteremia, gastrointestinal and skin infections.
