How Can Adverse Outcome Pathways Protect Human Health?

AOPs are

a deliberate simplification of complex biological systems intended to support regulatory decision-making and help identify uncertainties that can be a focus of additional testing

. They provide a tractable unit for both knowledge assembly and WoE assessment.

What is AOP Wiki?

The AOP-Wiki serves as

the primary repository of qualitative information for AOPs and is a central component in the AOP development effort coordinated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

. The database contains AOP which are described in terms of key events (KEs).

What does adverse outcome mean?

An adverse outcome is defined as

any suboptimal outcome experienced by the patient, including a new or worsening symptom, an unanticipated visit to a health facility, or death

[6, 7]. Adverse outcomes can be identified by medical record review or through a patient interview.

What is a key event within an AOP?

Key event (KE)

A measureable change in biological state that is essential, but not necessarily sufficient for the progression from a defined biological perturbation toward a specific AO

. Represented as nodes in an AOP diagram or AOP network. Provide verifiability to an AOP description.

What is AOP example?

There are various common good examples of aspects like

logging, auditing, declarative transactions, security, caching

, etc. The key unit of modularity in OOP is the class, whereas in AOP the unit of modularity is the aspect.

What is AOP and why do we need it?

AOP (aspect-oriented programming) is

a programming style that can be adopted to define certain policies that in turn are used to define and manage the cross-cutting concerns in an application

. In essence, it’s a programming paradigm that enables your application to be adaptable to changes.

How do you achieve AOP?

1. A good sales forecast.
2. Clear financial objectives.
3. Investment priorities.
4. Transparent current conditions assessment, AND.
5. Manpower plans.

What is an adverse health outcome?

An adverse health effect is defined as the causation, promotion, facilitation and/or exacerbation of a structural and/or functional abnormality, with the implication that the abnormality produced has the potential of lowering the quality of life, contributing to a disabling illness, or leading to a premature death.

How can we prevent adverse events in healthcare?

1. Build a culture that encourages transparency, teamwork and accountability.
2. Provide education and competency programs for adverse event risk areas.
3. Collaborate with referral sources to stress the importance of full and complete information during transfers.

What are adverse events in healthcare?

Adverse Event –

An event, preventable or nonpreventable, that caused harm to a patient as a result of medical care

. This includes never events; hospital-acquired conditions; events that required life-sustaining intervention; and events that caused prolonged hospital stays, permanent harm, or death.

Which interface need to be implemented for around advice?

Around advice must implement the

AOP Alliance org. aopalliance. intercept. MethodInterceptor interface

.

How does Spring achieve DI or IOC?

Inversion of Control(IoC) is also known as Dependency injection (DI). The Spring container uses Dependency Injection (DI) to manage the components that build up an application and these objects are called Spring Beans. Spring implements DI

by either an XML configuration file or annotations

.

What is AOP and IOC?

Objective of Spring IOC is to reduce explicit dependencies between components, while purpose of Spring AOP is to wire components together possibly by enforcing certain common behavior

(read: NOT Interface)

How do you create an association of a person?

AOP/BOI can be formed by simply entering into a deed which contains objectives, names of members, share of members in profits, date of formation, its rules, byelaws, frequency of meetings of members or managing persons, powers of the management, the amount of capital introduced by the members if any etc., The deed can …

What is association of persons AOP?

Association of Persons (AOP) means

a group of persons who come together for achieving a common objective and have the same mindsets

. Members of the AOP can be natural or artificial persons. Body of Individuals (BOI) means a group of individuals (natural persons) who join together for earning income.

Is AOP still used?

The AOP runtime is still pure Spring AOP

though, and there is no dependency on the AspectJ compiler or weaver. Using the AspectJ compiler and weaver enables use of the full AspectJ language, and is discussed in Section 6.8, “Using AspectJ with Spring applications”.

What are AOP goals?

An Annual Operating Plan (AOP) is

a comprehensive document with goals, Key Performance Indicators, and Budgets to help a company achieve clear objectives

.

How do you create an annual operational plan?

1. STEP 1: The Setup Process. The most important thing is to start. …
2. STEP 2: Set Scope and Constraints. …
3. STEP 3: Review and Critique. …
4. STEP 4: Strategy Day. …
5. STEP 5: Budget – First Cut. …
6. STEP 6: Team Goals and Initiatives. …
7. STEP 7: Present Draft Plan to Board. …
8. STEP 8: Finalise Plan and Budget.

What does S&OP stand for in business?

Sales and operations planning

(S&OP) is an integrated planning process that aligns demand, supply, and financial planning and is managed as part of a company’s master planning.