How Do You Harvard Reference Primary Sources?

1. author(s) name and initials.
2. title of the article (between single quotation marks)
3. title of the journal (in italics)
4. available publication information (volume number, issue number)
5. accessed day month year (the date you last viewed the article)
6. URL or Internet address (between pointed brackets).

How do you reference a primary source?

For primary sources published online, a citation would include: the author, document title or a description, document date, title of the website, reference URL, and date accessed. Elements of a citation are usually listed from the most specific to the most general.

How do you Harvard reference a primary source interview?

Reference: Last name, Initials of person interviewed . (Year of interview) ‘Title of the interview (if any)'. Interview by/with Interviewer's First name Last name, Title of publication, Day Month of Publication, page numbers if present. Example: O'Brien, M.

What are primary sources Harvard?

Original documents (excerpts or translations acceptable): Diaries, speeches, manuscripts, letters, interviews, news film footage, contemporary newspaper articles, autobiographies, official records, pamphlets, meeting notes, photographs, contemporary sketches.

How do you reference a primary source in a secondary source Harvard?

1. Secondary Author Last name (Year, page no.) cites Original Author's surname (Year)....
2. (Original Author Last name, Year, cited in Secondary Author Last name, Year, Page no.)

How do you reference personal communication Harvard style?

Cite Personal Communications in-text only. Details can be provided in running text or in parentheses. In your in-text citation of a Personal Communication give the initials as well as the surname of the communicator , and provide as exact a date as possible.

How do I reference an interview?

If you would like to include a personal interview as part of your APA reference list, then include the interviewee , the date of the interview, and the type of interview. Interview Citation Structure: Last name, F. (Year, Month date).

What are some examples of primary and secondary sources?

What are some examples of primary sources?

• archives and manuscript material.
• photographs, audio recordings, video recordings, films.
• journals, letters and diaries.
• speeches.
• scrapbooks.
• published books, newspapers and magazine clippings published at the time.
• government publications.
• oral histories.

Who wrote the primary source?

Definition. A primary source is a document or record containing firsthand information or original data on an event, object, person, or work of art. Primary sources are usually created by individuals who experienced the event and recorded or wrote about it .

Do I cite the original source or secondary?

Citing a source that you found in another source is known as using a secondary source. You should always try to read and cite the original work (the primary source). If it is not possible to do this, you have to cite the original as contained in the secondary source.

How do you cite a secondary source in Harvard referencing?

1. Secondary Author Last name (Year, page no.) cites Original Author's surname (Year)....
2. (Original Author Last name, Year, cited in Secondary Author Last name, Year, Page no.)

How do you cite a primary source in a secondary source apa?

1. Provide a reference list entry for the secondary source you are citing.
2. In the text, identify the primary source and then write “as cited in” the secondary source that you used.
3. If the year of publication is known for the primary source, also include it in the text.

How do you reference personal communication?

Cite Personal Communications in-text only. In your in-text citation of a Personal Communication give the initials as well as the surname of the communicator, and provide as exact a date as possible. Use your judgment in citing Personal Communications . Remember that what you cite should have scholarly relevance.

How do you reference a person in an essay?

Write either the person's first initial followed by his last name, or the person's title, followed by his last name if his first initial is not available . You can use two different methods to cite personal communication. For example, you could write, “Video games improve reaction time (J.

How do you cite a quote from a person?

When citing a direct quote by someone who is not the author of the source, you should introduce the person in your writing, use double quotation marks for the quote , rather than the usual single quotation marks for direct quotes by the author of the source, and add the page number within the bracketed citation, or, for ...