The heat energy can be transferred by the process of convection by the difference occurring in temperature between the two parts of the fluid. Due to this temperature difference,
the hot fluids tend to rise
, whereas cold fluids tend to sink. This creates a current within the fluid called Convection current.
Does temperature affect convection?
Convection works by areas of a liquid or gas heating or cooling greater than their surroundings,
causing differences in temperature
. These temperature differences then cause the areas to move as the hotter, less dense areas rise, and the cooler, more dense areas sink.
How did the differences in temperature cause convection currents?
Convection currents form because
a heated fluid expands, becoming less dense
. The less-dense heated fluid rises away from the heat source. … This fluid in turn is heated, rises and pulls down more cool fluid.
How do convection currents affect weather and temperature?
During convection, cooler water or air sinks, and warmer water or air rises. … These currents move water all around the earth, bringing
warm water to cooler areas and vice versa
. This redistributes thermal energy and causes changes in the weather.
What factors affect convection currents?
- heating and cooling of the fluid,
- changes in the fluid’s density, and.
- force of gravity.
- The heat source for these currents is heat from Earth’s core and from the mantle itself.
- Hot columns of mantle material rise slowly.
Why is convection current important?
Convections currents in the earth’s mantle are thought to be
the driving force of plate tectonics
. Where the hot magma is brought near the surface by the convection currents a divergent boundary is created. The divergent boundaries form new oceans and widen existing oceans.
How convection current affects the formation of magma?
Convection currents in the magma drive plate tectonics. … Large convection currents in the aesthenosphere
transfer heat to the surface
, where plumes of less dense magma break apart the plates at the spreading centers, creating divergent plate boundaries.
Why is convection an important factor in influencing weather?
As the Earth’s surface heats, it warms the layer of air directly above it. … They rise, transporting heat and moisture into the atmosphere. The convection
stretches higher into the atmosphere
and is stronger in direct correlation with how hot the surface heating is. Convection causes many weather variations.
How do convection currents affect planet Earth?
Convection currents describe the rising, spread, and sinking of gas, liquid, or molten material caused by the application of heat. … Tremendous heat and pressure within the earth cause the hot magma to flow in convection currents. These currents cause the
movement of the tectonic plates that make up the earth’s crust
.
How does convection transfer heat?
Convection occurs when particles with a lot of heat energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of particles with less heat energy. Heat energy is transferred from
hot places to cooler places
by convection. Liquids and gases expand when they are heated. … The denser cold liquid or gas falls into the warm areas.
What is happening with convection?
Convection occurs
through the movement of particles
. As particles become heated, the molecules move faster and faster, and as molecules move apart, density decreases. The warmer, less dense material rises compared to the surrounding cooler, higher density material.
How convection affect the formation of mountains?
As tectonic plates slowly move away from each other, heat from the mantle’s convection currents makes
the crust more plastic and less dense
. The less-dense material rises, often forming a mountain or elevated area of the seafloor. Eventually, the crust cracks.
How do you demonstrate convection currents?
Convection currents are present in the air– A good example of convection current is
the warm air that rises towards the ceiling in your house
. The process happens as the warm air is said to be less dense than that of the colder air. Another good example of convection current is wind.
What is convection current theory?
Convection currents
drive the movement of Earth’s rigid tectonic plates in the planet’s fluid molten mantle
. In places where convection currents rise up towards the crust’s surface, tectonic plates move away from each other in a process known as seafloor spreading (Fig. 7.21).
Which best describes the shape of a convection current?
The shape of a convection current would be
circular
. Convection currents are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling, sinking again and then heating, rising and repeating the cycle over and over.
What is the Earth’s convection current?
Convection currents describe
the rising, spread, and sinking of gas, liquid, or molten material caused by the application of heat
. … Tremendous heat and pressure within the earth cause the hot magma to flow in convection currents. These currents cause the movement of the tectonic plates that make up the earth’s crust.
