Diazepam and its metabolites are excreted mainly
in the urine
, predominantly as their glucuronide conjugates. The clearance of diazepam is 20 to 30 mL/min in young adults. Diazepam accumulates upon multiple dosing and there is some evidence that the terminal elimination half-life is slightly prolonged.
Is diazepam metabolized by the liver?
Diazepam is
metabolized in the liver
to its active metabolite which is excreted in the urine.
How is diazepam metabolised in the body?
Diazepam is primarily metabolized
via CYP2C19 and CYP3A4
to the major active metabolite (desmethyldiazepam), which is found in the plasma at concentrations equivalent to diazepam. Two minor active metabolites include temazepam and oxazaepam, which are usually not detectable.
Where is diazepam absorbed?
Diazepam is rapidly absorbed
following oral administration
. It is slowly and incompletely absorbed after intramuscular administration. It is highly lipid soluble and widely distributed throughout the body. Diazepam readily crosses the blood–brain barrier and is highly protein bound.
Does diazepam have active metabolites?
Following administration, diazepam is extensively metabolized via oxidative pathways into
three pharmacologically active metabolites
. The primary urinary metabolite, nordiazepam (desmethyldiazepam), undergoes subsequent metabolic transformation into oxazepam.
What will 5mg of diazepam do?
Diazepam is used to
treat anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and seizures
. It is also used to relieve muscle spasms and to provide sedation before medical procedures. This medication works by calming the brain and nerves.
How does diazepam make you feel?
How does diazepam work? Diazepam belongs to a group of medicines called benzodiazepines. It works by
increasing the levels of a calming chemical in your brain
. Depending on your health condition, this can make you feel drowsy, relieve anxiety, stop seizures or relax tense muscles.
Does diazepam dissolve?
One gram of diazepam
dissolves in about 350 mL of water
, in approximately 15 mL of 95% ethanol, or in approximately 2 mL of chloroform.
What drugs interact with diazepam?
- carbamazepine.
- cimetidine.
- clarithromycin.
- darunavir.
- erythromycin base.
- erythromycin ethylsuccinate.
- erythromycin lactobionate.
- erythromycin stearate.
Is out of date diazepam effective?
“
We don’t benefit from short expiration dates
.” Some other drugs the FDA has extended at least two years beyond their expiration dates are diazepam, sold as Valium; cimetidine, sold as Tagamet; phenytoin, sold as Dilantin; and the antibiotics tetracycline and penicillin.
Does food affect diazepam?
Neither food nor antacid altered the rate of diazepam absorption
and did not impair the completeness of absorption. Higher peak total plasma diazepam concentrations occurred in the postprandial as opposed to the fasting state, but this was an artifact of reduced protein binding (increased free fraction) due to fasting.
How long does diazepam active?
The effect of diazepam lasts for
about six hours
.
How do you test for diazepam?
Urine tests
are the most commonly used drug tests and can detect Valium metabolites for weeks after the last dose. Hair follicle tests can detect built up Valium for up to 90 days, though this kind of test is less reliable than others. Suspected Valium addiction should be treated as soon as possible.
Is 10 mg of diazepam a lot?
Adults—2 to 10 milligrams (mg)
2 to 4 times a day
. Older adults—At first, 2 to 2.5 mg 1 or 2 times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Are diazepam bad for you?
Diazepam may increase the risk of
serious or life-threatening breathing problems
, sedation, or coma if used along with certain medications.
Is diazepam a good sleeping pill?
Ambien (zolpidem) and Valium (diazepam) are
used for treating insomnia
. Valium is used off-label to treat insomnia; it is approved to treat anxiety, seizures, muscle spasms, and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Ambien and Valium belong to different drug classes.
