3. What is the maintenance cost of rigid pavement when compared to the flexible pavement? Explanation: The cost of maintenance for rigid pavement is always less than that for flexible pavement .
What is pavement service life?
The “pavement lifecycle” a categorical description of how a pavement interacts with surrounding systems throughout its life . While it is not the only way, it is a logical way to organize discussions of pavement sustainability.
What is PCCP pavement?
DESCRIPTION. PCCP is composed of Portland cement concrete and, when specified, reinforcing steel and various joint materials . Concrete pavement is placed at the thickness specified in the plans or proposal and is constructed on a prepared subgrade or base course.
Why is rigid pavement expensive?
Rigid pavements have high flexural strength than flexible pavements due to which they can transmit the wheel load stresses over a wider area . Initial cost of these pavements is high as compared to flexible pavements but their maintenance cost is low.
What is difference between flexible pavement and rigid pavement?
Flexible pavements tend to have more layers and are therefore much thicker by default. Rigid pavements have fewer layers and are thinner than flexible pavements , which makes them susceptible to more repairs over time.
What is continuously reinforced concrete pavement?
Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) is constructed with steel reinforcing bars placed within the concrete along the entire length of the pavement . CRCP naturally forms tight transverse cracks to evenly transfer loads.
What is the difference between concrete and portland cement?
Although the terms cement and concrete are often used interchangeably, cement is actually an ingredient of concrete . Concrete is basically a mixture of aggregates and paste. The aggregates are sand and gravel or crushed stone; the paste is water and portland cement. Concrete gets stronger as it gets older.
What is the thickness of pavement?
The selection of the pavement and gravel thickness is based on three criteria (Figure 3): (1) the thickness of the asphalt pavement is 0.1 m and the gravel base thickness is 0.2 m, which is shortened to 10 to 20 types; (2) the thickness of the asphalt pavement is 0.18 m and the gravel base thickness is 0.2 m, which is ...
What is the standard thickness of concrete road?
From the Department of Public Works and Highways
To address the early deterioration of roads due to damaging effects of overloading, the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) prescribed the use of concrete pavement with a minimum thickness of 280 millimeters , and with steel dowels in all transverse joints.
What is most commonly used type of concrete pavement?
1. What is the most commonly used type of concrete pavement? Clarification: The most commonly used type is unreinforced , dowels and ties are not considered as reinforcements in slab.
What is the minimum factor of safety for rigid pavement?
The minimum factor of safety is 1.1 and if it doesn’t satisfy then the pavement thickness is revised.
Which is the most essential requirement in highway pavement design?
5. Which of the following requirement is given most importance in highway design? Explanation: The structural design like highway speed, geometric design is given the most importance in design.
What are the advantage and disadvantage of rigid pavement?
Advantages of Rigid Pavement
~ Low maintenance and operation cost . ~ Higher life span ( Life span may be up to 40 years whereas flexible pavement has a life span of only 10-20 years). ~ It has high flexural strength. ~ It has good resistance to petroleum products, oils, and chemicals.
Which pavement required least initial cost in its construction?
The study recommended that Rigid pavement with 15% CBA should be considered because it gives the lowest life cycle cost and the initial cost is relatively low.
How many layers are there in rigid pavement?
A rigid pavement structure is typically composed of a PCC surface course built on top of either (1) the subgrade or (2) an underlying base course. Because of its relative rigidity, the pavement structure distributes loads over a wide area with only one, or at most two, structural layers (see Figure 1).
Do concrete pavements always have reinforced bars?
Rebar is not necessary for every concrete project . The general rule of thumb is that if you are pouring concrete that is more than 5 inches in depth, you are probably going to want to add in some rebar to help reinforce the entire structure.
What is JCP pavement?
Jointed Concrete Pavement (JCP) ▪ Steel & Joints in JCP: – Transverse joints spaced at regular intervals. – Transverse joints used to control temperature induced contraction and. expansion.
How do you design a rigid pavement?
Design of rigid pavements is based on Westergaard’s analysis, where modulus of subgrade reaction, radius of relative stiffness, radius of wheel load distribution are used . For critical design, a combination of load stress, frictional stress and warping stress is considered.
What is the best concrete mix for driveways?
The best concrete mix for driveways is at least 3500 psi compressive strength and 5-6 inches thick over compacted gravel and earth with a water to cement ratio of . 50 and aggregate less than an inch .
Is cement cheaper than pavers?
As far as installation costs and concrete costs go, poured concrete is technically the most affordable per square foot . However, even though the upfront cost of pavers is higher, concrete pavers offer greater value and durability than poured concrete and stamped concrete.
Are driveways cement or concrete?
Driveways are typically made of concrete . Concrete, of course, is composed of cement, aggregate, and water. So, while you could say a driveway “contains” cement, you would more accurately say the driveway is made of concrete.
What is the minimum thickness of pavement?
| Flexible pavement Rigid pavement | 7. Use code IRC 37 7. Use code IRC 58 |
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What is the minimum thickness of rigid pavement?
The minimum thickness of reinforced concrete pavements should be 6 inches, except that the minimum thickness for driveways will be 5 inches and the minimum thickness for reinforced overlays over rigid pavements will be 4 inches .
How do you design pavement thickness?
The authors suggest the following computation method for obtaining pavement thickness using Gray’s formula: (1) carefully study the traffic mix likely to occur at a project site; (2) calculate the total load and radius of the contact area on the basis of the proportions of vehicle types; (3) add an extra impact factor ...
