What Causes Sam?
What Causes Sam? Predisposing factors that cause SAM are (1) excessive anterior or posterior leaflet tissue; (2) any anatomical or surgical translocation of the mitral valve anteriorly; (3) aortomitral angle <120° (Figure 1; Supplementary Clip 1); (4) pathological or post-surgical correction elongation of the anterior leaflet; (5) … What is Sam in heart disease? Systolic