The frieze section of the Doric entablature is distinctive. It is composed of projecting triglyphs (units each consisting of three vertical bands separated by grooves) that alternate with receding square panels, called metopes , that may be either plain or carved with sculptured reliefs.
What are the names of the two components of a Doric frieze?
The frieze in buildings using the classic Doric order is usually composed of alternate triglyphs (projecting rectangular blocks, each ornamented with three vertical channels) and metopes (spaces) .
What is a Doric frieze?
The Doric order is characterized by a plain, unadorned column capital and a column that rests directly on the stylobate of the temple without a base. The Doric entablature includes a frieze composed of trigylphs —vertical plaques with three divisions—and metopes—square spaces for either painted or sculpted decoration.
What was the frieze divided in in Doric temples?
Doric entablatures consist of three parts: the architrave, the frieze, and the cornice. The architrave is composed of stone lintels that span the space between columns. On top of this rests the frieze, one of the major areas of sculptural decoration. The frieze is divided into triglyps and metopes .
What are the materials used in Doric temple?
Doric temples were the first style of temples made from stone, not wood , and are identifiable by the columns and entablature. The columns are tapered with 20 flutes, and have a smooth top piece called a capital.
What is the main purpose of frieze?
In the classical architecture of Ancient Greece and Rome, a frieze is a long and narrow sculptural band that runs along the middle of an entablature, used for decorative purposes . It sits on top of the column capitals, in between the architrave on the lowest level and the cornice at the top.
Are Doric columns straight?
The Greek Doric column was fluted or smooth-surfaced, and had no base, dropping straight into the stylobate or platform on which the temple or other building stood. ... The ancient architect and architectural historian Vitruvius associates the Doric with masculine proportions (the Ionic representing the feminine).
What’s the difference between frieze and metope?
Metopes (rectangular slabs carved in high relief) were placed above the architrave (the lintel above the columns) on the outside of the temple. ... The frieze ( carved in low relief ) ran around all four sides of the building inside the colonnade.
What are the 3 types of columns?
The three major classical orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian . The orders describe the form and decoration of Greek and later Roman columns, and continue to be widely used in architecture today. The Doric order is the simplest and shortest, with no decorative foot, vertical fluting, and a flared capital.
Which came first Doric or Ionic?
The Doric order of Greek architecture was first seen towards the beginning of the 7th century BCE, causing many to think of it as the oldest order, as well as the simplest and most massive. Doric columns were stouter than those of the Ionic or Corinthian orders.
What is the area between the frieze and the capital?
In between the triglyphs are spaces, called metopes , which were commonly sculpted with figures and ornamentation. The frieze is separated from the architrave by a narrow band called the regula.
What type of sculpture is contained in a frieze?
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What is a pediment and a frieze?
The pediment is the triangular section , but the entablature is the wide, horizontal section that rests directly on top of the columns. ... Above the frieze is the cornice, the protruding horizontal section that separates the entablature and the pediment.
What language is Doric?
Doric is the Scots dialect spoken in the North-East of Scotland and, as of 2018, has gained the status of the third official language of Scotland, along with English and Scots Gaelic.
When was the Doric period?
Doric is one of the earliest and most simple of the Classical Orders set down in ancient Greece. An Order includes the vertical column and the horizontal entablature. Doric designs developed in the western Dorian region of Greece in about the 6th century BC . They were used in Greece until about 100 BC.
What is a metope in Greek?
: the space between two triglyphs of a Doric frieze often adorned with carved work .
