- Objectivity.
- Honesty.
- Openness.
- Accountability.
- Fairness.
- Stewardship.
What are the norms of scientific behavior?
Mertonian norms are the four norms of good scientific research first introduced by the American sociologist, Robert K. Merton. These norms are
communism, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism
.
What are the four norms of science?
The formulation is sometimes known by the acronym CUDOS, which stands for the four norms:
communism, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism
. Merton’s representation of the normative character of science has proved to be one of the most enduring of all sociological analyses.
What are the types of scientific research?
- Fundamental or Basic Research. …
- Applied Research. …
- Quantitative research. …
- Qualitative research. …
- Mixed research. …
- Exploratory Research. …
- Descriptive research. …
- Explanatory research.
What are the 6 scientific values?
Those surveyed, using a scale from zero to ten, were asked to rate
attentiveness, collaborative, courage, curiosity, honesty, humility to evidence, meticulousness, objectivity, perseverance and skepticism
with regard to their importance for scientific research.
What is the 7 scientific attitude?
There are nine scientific attitudes in action that will be identified: 1) critical-mindedness, 2) suspended judgment (restraint), 3) respect for evidence (reliance on fact), 4) honesty, 5) objectivity, 6) willingness to change opinions, 7)
open-mindedness
, 8) questioning attitude, and 9) tolerance of uncertainty [12].
What are the 20 scientific attitudes?
- Empiricism. Simply said, a scientist prefers to “look and see.” You do not argue about whether it is raining outside–just stick a hand out the window. …
- Determinism. …
- A belief that problems have solutions. …
- Parsimony. …
- Scientific manipulation. …
- Skepticism. …
- Precision. …
- Respect for paradigms.
What are the five scientific attitudes?
- Curiousity. – A scientist shows interest and pays particular attentions to objects or events. …
- Honesty. – A scientist gives a truthful report of observations. …
- Open-Mindedness. – A scientist listens to and respects the ideas of others. …
- Skepticism. …
- Creativity.
What are the scientific attitudes and values?
What are the scientific attitudes and values? These attitudes include
curiosity, honesty in the recording and validation of data, flexibility, persistence, open-mindedness, willingness to tolerate uncertainty
, and an acceptance of the provisional nature of scientific explanation.
What are the importance of scientific values?
First, science needs a value system because science and religion are harmoniously interrelated. Second, a value system is
needed in science to overcome problems of humanity, nature and society
. Third, it is necessary to have a value system in science to lead towards a better life.
What are counter norms?
counter-norms for science, arguing that if
the norm of universalism is rooted in
the impersonal character of science, an opposing counter-norm is rooted in the personal character of science.
What is a norm in research?
What are Research Norms? … In market research, norms (also called normative data or benchmarks)
are established baselines to compare your data against
. It allows you to determine if the results are above or below par.
What is CuDOS in science?
CuDOS stands for
Cultural Diversity: Opportunities & Socialisation
. CuDOS also refers to a specific research approach, summarized in a number of guiding principles for solid scientific research expressed by the sociologist R.K. Merton: Communalism, Universalism, Disinterestedness, Originality and Scepticism.
What are the 10 types of research?
- Quantitative Research. …
- Qualitative Research. …
- Descriptive Research. …
- Analytical Research. …
- Applied Research. …
- Fundamental Research. …
- Exploratory Research. …
- Conclusive Research.
What are two main types of scientific research?
There are two basic types of research associated with the scientific method.
Quantitative research is based on collecting facts
and figures. This type research is common in biology. Qualitative research is based on collecting opinions and attitudes.
What are the 7 scientific method steps?
- Ask a question. The first step in the scientific method is asking a question that you want to answer. …
- Perform research. …
- Establish your hypothesis. …
- Test your hypothesis by conducting an experiment. …
- Make an observation. …
- Analyze the results and draw a conclusion. …
- Present the findings.
