The various planets are thought to have formed from
the solar nebula
, the disc-shaped cloud of gas and dust left over from the Sun’s formation. The currently accepted method by which the planets formed is accretion, in which the planets began as dust grains in orbit around the central protostar.
What factor caused different planets to form?
What factor caused different planets to form out of different types of material?
The variation in temperature throughout the solar nebula
; the higher the temperature, the lower the percentage of light elements in the forming planet.
Why did planets form?
The planets in our Solar System are believed to have
formed from the same spinning disc of dust that formed the Sun
. … The nebula had a certain amount of angular momentum orbiting the forming Sun. Particles in the spinning disc began to clump together as gravity attracted them to each other.
Why did two types of planets form?
why are there two major types of planets?
some formed within the frost line where only metal and rock could condense (terrestrial)
, some formed beyond the frost line, where where cooler temperatures allowed for hydrogen compounds to condense into ice (jovian).
How were the planets created?
Planets form
from particles in a disk of gas and dust, colliding and sticking together as they orbit the star
. The planets nearest to the star tend to be rockier because the star’s wind blows away their gases and because they are made of heavier materials attracted by the star’s gravity.
Why are planets different?
Planets have different properties because
they are different distances away from the sun, are different sizes
, and are made up of different stuff from the earth. Very tiny planets do not have enough gravitational field to keep much of an atmosphere in. … The earth too changes from time to time.
What is Jupiter’s main ingredient?
Jupiter is made up predominantly of
hydrogen
. The simple, basic gas, a prime ingredient on the sun, accounts for 90 percent of the atmosphere. Nearly 10 percent is composed of helium.
In what order did the planets form?
The order was Sun –
> Jupiter -> Saturn -> Uranus & Neptune
-> the terrestrial planets -> Earth’s Moon & Mars’ moons -> Sun becoming a main-sequence star -> the planets adopting their current orbits & axes and abiogenesis at roughly the same time (the LHB lasted about 300 million years, give or take a few millennia).
What are the three major stages of planet formation and how do they happen?
Scientists believe that terrestrial planets, like Earth, formed by clumping together from dust and gas into into hot blobs of molten metal and rock several billion years ago. After becoming distinct planets, they went through four stages of formation:
Differentiation, Cratering, Flooding and Surface Evolution
.
How are planets formed Upsc?
Formation of Planets
The stars are
localised lumps of gas within a nebula
. The gravitational force within the lumps leads to the formation of a core to the gas cloud and a huge rotating disc of gas and dust develops around the gas core.
Which planets are most different from Earth explain?
The mostly rocky ones include Earth and three others (Mercury, Venus, Mars) that are more or less similar in interbal composition. The large, gaseous, hydrogen-rich ones —
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
— are all so unlike the rocky planets that calling one of them “most unlike Earth” is really splitting hairs.
Is Saturn the only planet with a ring?
Like fellow gas giant Jupiter, Saturn is a massive ball made mostly of hydrogen and helium.
Saturn is not the only planet to have rings
, but none are as spectacular or as complex as Saturn’s. Saturn also has dozens of moons.
How are planets similar and different?
All of the planets are also alike because they all orbit something
. … Inner planets [Mercury, Mars, Venus, and Earth] are all close to the sun, so they are warmer than the outer planets. They are all made up of rock, and different minerals like meld spars. The inner planets are all small, no moons and no rings.
Is Saturn made of rock or gas?
Saturn is a
gas-giant planet
and therefore does not have a solid surface like Earth’s. But it might have a solid core somewhere in there.
Is Jupiter a failed star?
“Jupiter is called
a failed star
because it is made of the same elements (hydrogen and helium) as is the Sun, but it is not massive enough to have the internal pressure and temperature necessary to cause hydrogen to fuse to helium, the energy source that powers the sun and most other stars.
When did each planet form?
13.8 billion years ago: The Big Bang forms the universe. 4.6 billion years ago: A group of protostars, one of which will become the Sun, form from a cloud of debris left by prior star explosions in the Milky Way.
4.59 billion years ago
: The giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune form around the protosun.
What was the major influence in the formation of the solar system?
Formation. Our solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago from
a dense cloud of interstellar gas and dust
. The cloud collapsed, possibly due to the shockwave of a nearby exploding star, called a supernova. When this dust cloud collapsed, it formed a solar nebula – a spinning, swirling disk of material.
What causes this disk to form and flatten?
It is
the angular momentum
, which results from rotation, that leads to the eventual disk shape. … The disk remains in orbit, and it flattens because of angular momentum. Eventually this disk will give rise to planets, asteroids, and planetesimals.
What was the first planet formed in the solar system?
Jupiter
was probably the first planet in the solar system to form, new research suggests. Its existence may have influenced how the planets evolved into the order we see today.
Which of the following is defined as planet formation?
n. A hypothesis concerning the formation of stars and planets, and therefore the origin of the solar system, according to which a rotating nebula underwent gravitational collapse into a star with an accretion disk, from which planets condensed or formed by coagulation of dust particles into increasingly larger bodies.
What caused the differentiation of the Earth’s layers?
The differentiation between these layers is due to
processes that took place during the early stages of Earth’s formation (ca. 4.5 billion years ago)
. At this time, melting would have caused denser substances to sink toward the center while less-dense materials would have migrated to the crust.
What is binary theory in origin of Earth?
Binary theory or Planetesimal Hypothesis:
Another wondering star approached the sun. As a result,
the cigar-shaped extension of the material was separated from the solar surface
. As the passing star moved away, separated material slowly condensed into a planet and continued to revolve sun.
Who gave binary theory of origin of Earth?
The Binary Star Hypothesis by
Russell
The theory propounded the existence of binary (two) stars, the bigger one of which ejected mass under the influence of a third one coming close at higher speed, leading to the formation of planets.
What is nebula Byjus?
A nebula is
a giant cloud of dust and gas in space
. Some nebulae (more than one nebula) come from the gas and dust thrown out by the explosion of a dying star, such as a supernova Other nebulae are regions where new stars are beginning to form. … A galaxy is a huge mass of stars, nebulae and interstellar material.
What are three reasons why Pluto is not a planet?
- It is in orbit around the Sun.
- It has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape).
- It has “cleared the neighborhood” around its orbit.
How were the formations of terrestrial and jovian planets similar and different?
Summary: The
terrestrial planets formed close to the Sun where temperatures were well suited for rock and metal to condense
. The jovian planets formed outside what is called the frost line, where temperatures were low enough for ice condensation.
What are the main differences of the Earth’s atmosphere when compared to other terrestrial planets in our solar system Mercury Venus and Mars )?
Explanation: The main difference between the Earth’s atmosphere and the one of other planets (such as Venus and Mars) is that
about 21% of it is composed by oxygen
. Oxygen is a key element to sustain any complex life form on the planet.
Why is Jupiter the most different from Earth?
Jupiter is a gas giant and
so lacks an Earth-like surface
. If it has a solid inner core at all, it’s likely only about the size of Earth.
How many rings does Earth have?
If you’re talking about majestic ice rings, like we see around Saturn, Uranus or Jupiter, then no,
Earth doesn’t have rings
, and probably never did. If there was any ring of dust orbiting the planet, we’d see it.
How are planets and moons alike and different?
In conclusion planets and moons are not just alike but they
have similar characteristics
. Planets have moons and moons don’t have moons or rings. They orbit and rotate. Planets usually have more mass than a moon and the moon has a big gravatational pull on the Earth.
Which 3 planets appear to be most similar to Earth list them and explain why?
Venus and Mars
are the most like Earth, but in different ways. In terms of size, average density, mass, and surface gravity, Venus is very similar to Earth. But Mars is the planet that is most similar to Earth in other ways.
What planet is Uranus?
Uranus is
the seventh planet from the Sun
, and has the third-largest diameter in our solar system. It was the first planet found with the aid of a telescope, Uranus was discovered in 1781 by astronomer William Herschel, although he originally thought it was either a comet or a star.
What is the hottest planet?
Planetary surface temperatures tend to get colder the farther a planet is from the Sun.
Venus
is the exception, as its proximity to the Sun and dense atmosphere make it our solar system’s hottest planet.
Which planet has a life?
Understanding planetary habitability is partly an extrapolation of the conditions on
Earth
, as this is the only planet known to support life.
What gas is Uranus made of?
Uranus’ atmosphere is mostly
hydrogen and helium, with a small amount of methane and traces of water and ammonia
. The methane gives Uranus its signature blue color.
Is Uranus a rock or gas?
Uranus is
an ice giant
(instead of a gas giant). It is mostly made of flowing icy materials above a solid core. Uranus has a thick atmosphere made of methane, hydrogen, and helium.
