When the water near the coastline moves away, deeper ocean water must replace it. The water moves vertically up towards the surface. Upwelling moves cold, nutrient rich water to the surface and provides abundant biological life. Downwelling is
caused by surface water becoming denser and sinks below the surface
.
What are the causes of upwelling?
Upwelling is a process in which currents bring deep, cold water to the surface of the ocean. Upwelling is a
result of winds and the rotation of the Earth
. The Earth rotates on its axis from west to east. Because of this rotation, winds tend to veer right in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hemisphere.
What causes upwelling and downwelling?
Upwelling is a process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface. … The reverse process, called “downwelling,” also occurs when
wind causes surface water to build up along a coastline
and the surface water eventually sinks toward the bottom.
What causes an upwelling quizlet?
why does upwelling/downwelling happen? occurs where Ekman transport moves surface waters away from the coast; surface waters are replaced by water that wells up from below. …
Winds blowing from the north
cause upwelling along the continents’ eastern coasts in the Southern Hemisphere.
What causes downwelling quizlet?
What does downwelling cause?
Causes water to be forced down
. … Surface water is transported off-shore and replaced by deeper water, that moves inshore and is upwelled. Reverse occurs when the wind is oriented in the opposite direction.
Where does strong upwelling occur?
Upwelling is most common along
the west coast of continents
(eastern sides of ocean basins). In the Northern Hemisphere, upwelling occurs along west coasts (e.g., coasts of California, Northwest Africa) when winds blow from the north (causing Ekman transport of surface water away from the shore).
Does Ekman transport play a role in upwelling and downwelling?
As wind blows along a coastline, Ekman transport
moves the surface layer in a direction 90
o
to the wind
. … In any coastal upwelling location, if the winds reverse, surface water moves towards the shore and downwelling is the result. Upwelling can also occur due to geological features of the ocean floor.
What is the relationship between phytoplankton and upwelling?
The deeper water that rises to the surface during upwelling is
rich in nutrients
. These nutrients “fertilize” surface waters, encouraging the growth of plant life, including phytoplankton.
What are 3 areas of upwelling in the world?
Worldwide, there are five major coastal currents associated with upwelling areas: the
Canary Current (off Northwest Africa)
, the Benguela Current (off southern Africa), the California Current (off California and Oregon), the Humboldt Current (off Peru and Chile), and the Somali Current (off Somalia and Oman).
What is an example of upwelling?
Upwelling occurs in the open ocean and along coastlines. … For example, the
rich fishing grounds along the west coasts of Africa and South America
are supported by year-round coastal upwelling. Seasonal upwelling and downwelling also occur along the West Coast of the United States.
Which event typically causes upwelling quizlet?
Which event typically causes upwelling?
Wind blows warm water away from the shore
.
What is an important effect of coastal upwelling quizlet?
Coastal upwelling occurs in areas where winds blow towards to equator and parallel to the coast. Upwelling
brings greater concentrations of dissolved nutrients to the ocean surface
, thus promoting the growth of plankton, which in turn support extensive populations of fish and other marine organisms.
What is upwelling in the ocean quizlet?
What is upwelling?
a stream of water moving up towards the ocean surface
. … When surface currents move along the surface of the ocean, water from below moves up to take its place.
What three ways do the stirring movements associated with upwelling and downwelling benefit life in the ocean?
Upwelling and downwelling describe mass movements of the ocean, which affect both surface and deep currents. These movements are essential in stirring the ocean,
delivering oxygen to depth, distributing heat, and bringing nutrients to the surface.
What causes upwelling in the oceans quizlet?
Upwelling is caused by
wind that blows parallel to the coastline
. The wind causes the water to move perpendicular to it, away from the coast. When the water near the coastline moves away, deeper ocean water must replace it. The water moves vertically up towards the surface.
What causes Western intensification quizlet?
salinity and gravity. Western intensification causes:
a steeper slope of surface water in the western section of the gyre as compared to the
eastern section of the gyre.
