A ghost author is
a person who has made a substantial contribution to the research or writing of a manuscript but is not named as an author
[2–4]. Those who make small contributions that would not qualify them as an author should be listed in the acknowledgements with the extent of their contribution clearly stated.
Honorary authorship refers to
those who are named as authors merely
because they hold senior positions within the service or facility where the research occurred, and may have helped secure funding.
There are important ethical issues to understand with both honorary and ghost authorship. …
Ghost authorship is likewise problematic and unethical
, as it does not provide credit where credit is due and can be used to manipulate the data and findings.
(redirected from False Authorship)
A practice in which senior researchers are listed as co-authors
—despite having had little to do with the work involved in publishing original research reports—on research reports that are the works of others,e.g., undergraduates and postdoctoral fellows working in their lab.
“Coercive authorship” has been defined as
authorship conferred to individuals in response to their exertion of seniority or supervisory status over subordinates and junior investigators
(11, 29; see also 6, 33, 56).
- Journals should set clear authorship criteria.
- Authors should disclose all contributors, regardless of author status, and their specific individual contributions and affiliations.
Is academic ghostwriting legal?
Academic ghostwriting is not illegal because it does not violate any laws
. It is an acceptable practice within the academic culture as long as the ghostwriter does not plagiarize the client’s work. The ghostwriter completes tasks at the consent of the client and does not dictate how the papers will be used.
As mentioned above, the most common way authors are listed is by
relative contribution
. The author who most substantially worked on the draft article and the underlying research becomes the first author. The others are ranked in descending order of contribution.
The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria:
Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work
; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND.
Authorship order
In many disciplines, the author order indicates
the magnitude of contribution
, with the first author adding the most value and the last author representing the most senior, predominantly supervisory role.
What are the areas of scientific dishonesty?
Scientific dishonesty thus implies a serious breach of good scientific practice which was committed intentionally or grossly negligently. The three main examples of scientific dishonesty in this definition –
falsification, fabrication and plagiarism
– are also used internationally and are often referred to as ”FFP”.
What is coercive measure?
The term “unilateral coercive measures” usually refers
to economic measures taken by one State to compel a change in the policy of another State
. Examples of such measures include trade sanctions in the form of embargoes and the interruption of financial and investment flows between sender and target countries.
Authorship is an
important sign to others in the scientific community
. Institutions, funding agencies, and researchers assess scientists in light of their publications. Thus, to include someone among the list of authors for a publication is to send a message to those groups.
A group author is
an organization or institution that is credited with authorship of a source publication such as an article, a book, a proceeding, or another type of work
. Enter a group author name to search the following fields within a full record: Corporate Author(s)and Book Group Author(s).
A ghost author is
a person who has made a substantial contribution to the research or writing of a manuscript but is not named as an author
[2–4]. … A guest author is someone who is named as an author, but who did not contribute in a meaningful way to the design, research, analysis, or writing of a paper [2].
What is the H index?
The h index is
a metric for evaluating the cumulative impact of an author’s scholarly output and performance
; measures quantity with quality by comparing publications to citations. The h index corrects for the disproportionate weight of highly cited publications or publications that have not yet been cited.
