Prejudice
: A negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority.
How do negative attitudes develop?
Although some research indicates that negativity is a stable aspect of temperament, most therapists believe there is a learned component that is reinforced by habit. A
child with high sensitivity to physical and emotional discomfort
may be predisposed to develop a negative attitude, for example.
What is a negative attitude towards a group of people?
Prejudice
is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are members of an unfamiliar cultural group.
Is an unjustified negative attitude toward an individual?
Prejudice
is an unjustified or incorrect attitude (usually negative) towards an individual based solely on the individual’s membership of a social group. For example, a person may hold prejudiced views towards a certain race or gender etc. (e.g. sexist).
Are cognitive shortcuts that enable us to make decisions rapidly?
A heuristic
is a mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. These rule-of-thumb strategies shorten decision-making time and allow people to function without constantly stopping to think about their next course of action.
How does a negative attitude affect your health?
Negative attitudes and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness can
create chronic stress
, which upsets the body’s hormone balance, depletes the brain chemicals required for happiness, and damages the immune system. Chronic stress can actually decrease our lifespan.
What are negative attitudes towards disability?
Negative perceptions can lead to
lack of opportunities and work, low self-esteem, and isolation
, and consequently to stigmatization, marginalization, and recurring negative health outcomes that prolong the discomfort of PWDs and also create a substantial social burden [5–7].
What causes someone to have an attitude?
Attitudes are often
the result of experience or upbringing
, and they can have a powerful influence over behavior. While attitudes are enduring, they can also change.
How can attitude change?
Thus, attitude change is achieved when
individuals experience feelings of uneasiness or guilt due to cognitive dissonance
, and actively reduce the dissonance through changing their attitude, beliefs, or behavior relating in order to achieve consistency with the inconsistent cognitions.
What is a main feature of the jigsaw classroom?
The Jigsaw Classroom is a cooperative learning technique that
reduces racial conflict among school children
, promotes better learning, improves student motivation, and increases enjoyment of the learning experience.
What is the tendency to favor one’s own culture?
Ethnocentrism
refers to the natural tendency or inclination among all people to view reality from their own cultural experience and perspective.
What are cognitive shortcuts?
Cognitive shortcuts are
the automatic thought patterns that people use to make decision-making more efficient
. They are frequently used in response to stress and complex time-limited decision-making.
Social and situational factors that can influence prosocial behaviors include
the interpretation of others’ needs, the relationship to others
, the reciprocal altruism, the number of bystanders, the normative pressure to help, and the evaluation of the cost to help (Batson, 1998).
What is heuristic approach to decision-making?
Heuristic methods make
decision-making simpler and faster through shortcuts and good-enough calculations
. … The user’s final decision may not be the optimal or best solution, the decision made may be inaccurate, and the data selected might be insufficient (thus, leading to an imprecise solution to a problem).
What does negative thinking do to your brain?
The study found that a habit of prolonged negative thinking
diminishes your brain’s ability to think, reason, and form memories
. Essentially draining your brain’s resources. Another study reported in the journal American Academy of Neurology found that cynical thinking also produces a greater dementia risk.
Is negative thinking a disease?
Psychologists link
negative thinking to depression, anxiety, chronic worry
and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). But almost all human beings contend with it — even those born with a positive outlook on life. It’s because of the way our brains are constructed.
