Phenotypic plasticity refers to the ability of a genotype to express different phenotypes depending on the environment in which it resides. For example, genetically identical water flea (Daphnia) clones can differ in their morphology depending on whether reared in the absence or presence of a potential predator.
Which of the following is a direct example of phenotypic plasticity?
1. Which of the following is a direct example of phenotypic plasticity? The same tree producing different size fruit in different years , depending on the weather. Selecting trees over multiple generations for a mutation that produces larger fruit.
What is an example of phenotypic plasticity in humans?
From a human health perspective, documented examples of plasticity most commonly include the results of exercise, training, and/or dieting on human morphology and physiology .
What is phenotypic plasticity and why is it important?
Many organisms have the ability to express different phenotypes in response to environmental conditions. Such phenotypic plasticity allows individual organisms to develop appropriate morphological, physiological, or behavioral traits that better fit a particular environment that they encounter .
What are the different types of phenotypic plasticity?
arcuata is known to exhibit phenotypic plasticity and has two different types of leaves, the aerial type (leaves that touch the air) and the submerged type (leaves that are underwater).
Is tanning phenotypic plasticity?
Phenotypic plasticity has been shown to be evolutionary advantageous when there are different optimal phenotypes in different environments . This is of course the case for tanning: the optimal level of tanning differs whether an individual lives in high or low latitudes and whether it is winter or summer.
What do you mean by phenotypic plasticity?
Phenotypic plasticity can be defined as ‘ the ability of individual genotypes to produce different phenotypes when exposed to different environmental conditions ‘ (Pigliucci et al. 2006). ... As with any organismal trait, the way in which an individual responds to environmental influences is subject to evolutionary change.
How do you test phenotypic plasticity?
One way to quantify phenotypic plasticity is to use analysis of variance (ANOVA) . The idea behind ANOVA is to take a variety of genotypes and a variety of environments and assess the resulting phenotype for each genotype-environment pair.
Is phenotypic plasticity natural selection?
Plasticity can, for example, moderate the effects of natural selection by allowing individuals to adapt phenotypically to new conditions quickly. Chevin et al. [79] have developed a model to predict population persistence in a changing environment.
What is plasticity in plant?
Plant plasticity refers to a plant’s ability to adapt to and cope with changes in its environment . ... Plant plasticity is indeed phenomenal and we can find plants that grow in the most unfavorable conditions. Many classes of bioactive natural products are found only in a narrow plant lineage.
What is plasticity explain with example?
In physics and materials science, plasticity is the deformation of a material undergoing non-reversible changes of shape in response to applied forces . For example, a solid part of metal being bent or pounded into a new shape exhibits plasticity as stable changes occur within the material itself.
What causes phenotypic plasticity?
Phenotypic plasticity describes the process that allows individuals to alter their phenotype in response to environmental change alter their phenotype due to new environments . ... This change in gene expression allows for phenotypic plasticity, as changes in mRNA expression have a direct link to protein abundance.
What is the role of plasticity?
Plasticity, because it acts at the level of the individual , is often hailed as a rapid-response mechanism that will enable organisms to adapt and survive in our rapidly changing world. ... This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of plasticity in phenotypic adaptation to rapid environmental change’.
Is PP genotype or phenotype?
A simple example to illustrate genotype as distinct from phenotype is the flower colour in pea plants (see Gregor Mendel). There are three available genotypes, PP ( homozygous dominant ), Pp (heterozygous), and pp (homozygous recessive).
Is acclimatization genetic?
Acclimatization does not leave a lasting impression upon the genetic mechanisms of the acclimatized organism. The adaptation of populations to change that effects evolution by the selection of genetic capability is a different process from the acclimatization of an individual.
What’s the difference between phenotypic plasticity and evolution?
The ability to pass changes from one generation to the next is a defining characteristic of evolution. This non-heritable change in the mustard seedling is called phenotypic plasticity, meaning that the organism’s phenotype is flexible and can be influenced by the environment.
