the basilar membrane is found in the cochlea; it forms the base of the organ of Corti
What is the basilar membrane What is its function quizlet?
Anterior to the vestibule is the cochlea, which is the organ of hearing. The basilar membrane supports the organ of Corti containing hair cells, each with stereocilia. It is a structure in the cochlea of the inner ear that produces nerve impulses in response to sound vibrations .
What is the basilar membrane quizlet?
membrane that serves as the floor of the organ of Corti . It has a stiffness gradient. Basal end is narrow and stiff, the apical end is wider and flaccid.
What is basilar membrane in biology?
Definition of basilar membrane
: a membrane extending from the bony shelf of the cochlea to the outer wall and supporting the organ of Corti .
What is basilar membrane in ear?
The basilar membrane is a stiff structural element within the cochlea of the inner ear which separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani.
What is the function of the vestibule quizlet?
The vestibule contains the sense organs responsible for balance, the utricle and saccule . -primary auditory neurons transform the signals into electrochemical impulses known as action potentials, which travel along the auditory nerve to structures in the brainstem for further processing.
What is the function of the inner hair cells quizlet?
The main purpose of the inner hair cells are to detect the sound and transmit it to the brain via auditory nerve . Both the inner and outer ear cells are an important part in hearing and without them there can be perminent hearing loss.
What does frequency theory best explain?
Frequency theory best explains how we sense low pitches . ... Touching adjacent cold and pressure spots triggers a sense of wetness, which you can experience by touching dry, cold metal.
What passes the vibration from the eardrum to the cochlea?
The eardrum vibrations caused by sound waves move the chain of tiny bones (the ossicles – malleus, incus and stapes) in the middle ear transferring the sound vibrations into the cochlea of the inner ear.
Which structure of the ear helps equilibrate air pressure across the tympanic membrane?
The middle ear is connected to the pharynx through the Eustachian tube , which helps equilibrate air pressure across the tympanic membrane.
What is on top of the basilar membrane?
A tiny organ (organ of Corti) sits on top of the basilar membrane. This organ contains hair cells, which convert the mechanical energy from the vibrations of the basilar membrane into electrical impulses.
Is the basilar membrane part of the auditory nerve?
2 Auditory Nerve (AN)
Between the basilar membrane and the tectorial membrane are hair cells that together form the organ of Corti. Hair cells on the inner side of the organ of Corti are known as inner hair cells.
What is the basilar membrane AP Psych?
Basilar membrane. “ The membrane that runs along the length of the cochlea in the inner ear . The vibration of the basilar membrane is what allows us to perceive differences in pitch, particularly with higher-pitched sounds.”
How does the basilar membrane respond to a sound wave?
When sound waves produce fluid waves inside the cochlea, the basilar membrane flexes, bending the stereocilia that attach to the tectorial membrane .
How does basilar membrane create Tonotopy?
In the cochlea, sound creates a traveling wave that moves from base to apex, increasing in amplitude as it moves along a tonotopic axis in the basilar membrane (BM). ... This represents cochlear tonotopic organization.
What is the function of the semicircular canals quizlet?
Your semicircular canals are three tiny, fluid-filled tubes in your inner ear that help you keep your balance . When your head moves around, the liquid inside the semicircular canals sloshes around and moves the tiny hairs that line each canal.
What is the function of the Scala Vestibuli?
The vestibular duct or scala vestibuli is a perilymph-filled cavity inside the cochlea of the inner ear that conducts sound vibrations to the cochlear duct .
What is function of inner and outer hair cells?
The inner hair cells are the actual sensory receptors , and 95% of the fibers of the auditory nerve that project to the brain arise from this subpopulation. The terminations on the outer hair cells are almost all from efferent axons that arise from cells in the brain.
What is the function of scala media?
one of the three canals found in the cochlea; the scala media contains the Organ of Corti, which is the receptor organ for hearing .
What is the function of the inner hair cells?
The inner hair cells transform the sound vibrations in the fluids of the cochlea into electrical signals that are then relayed via the auditory nerve to the auditory brainstem and to the auditory cortex.
What is the function of the outer hair cells in the spiral organ organ of Corti )?
Outer hair cells serve a function as acoustic pre-amplifiers which improve frequency selectivity by allowing the organ of Corti to become attuned to specific frequencies , like those of speech or music. The fibrous tectorial membrane rests on top of the stereocilia or the outer hair cells.
Does the basilar membrane move?
When a sound wave is transmitted to the fluid of the inner ear, the basilar membrane is set in motion . Basilar membrane motion is best described as a traveling wave of deformation, which begins at the cochlear base and moves apically toward a frequency-dependent place of maximal amplitude (Fig. 4).
Which theory of hearing is correct?
Most psychologists agree that hearing sound stimuli at low frequencies is accounted to the frequency theory , whereas those at high frequencies are attributed to the place principle.
What do hair cells line the surface of?
In humans and other mammals, hair cells line the basilar membrane (see Figure 29). These hair cells are the ear’s sensory receptors. They are called hair cells because of the tufts of fine bristles, or cilia, that sprout from the top of them.
What does a hair cell do when the portion of the basilar membrane to which it is attached vibrates?
Transduction of mechanical vibrations. The hair cells located in the organ of Corti transduce mechanical sound vibrations into nerve impulses . They are stimulated when the basilar membrane, on which the organ of Corti rests, vibrates.
What happens to the hair cells when the basilar membrane vibrates?
When sound-induced basilar membrane vibrations deflect hair bundles of the outer hair cells, mechanoelectrical transduction of these cells generates the receptor potential (Dallos et al., 1982; Russell and Sellick, 1983).
What is ear function?
human ear, organ of hearing and equilibrium that detects and analyzes sound by transduction (or the conversion of sound waves into electrochemical impulses) and maintains the sense of balance (equilibrium).
What is the function of the semicircular canals?
Your semicircular canals are three tiny, fluid-filled tubes in your inner ear that help you keep your balance . When your head moves around, the liquid inside the semicircular canals sloshes around and moves the tiny hairs that line each canal.
What is the purpose of the eardrum AP Psych?
Your eardrum vibrates from the incoming sound waves and sends these vibrations to three tiny bones in your middle ear . These bones are called the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup).
What is the name of the special structure that sits on the basilar membrane of the cochlear duct and transmits nerve impulses to axons in the cochlear nerve?
The motion of the stapes against the oval window sets up waves in the fluids of the cochlea, causing the basilar membrane to vibrate. This stimulates the sensory cells of the organ of Corti , atop the basilar membrane, to send nerve impulses to the brain. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Structure of the organ of Corti.
What is the function of the eustachian tubes?
This air-containing space is maintained by the Eustachian tube, which opens intermittently to equalize the intratympanic air pressure with the pressure in the external auditory canal . It also removes secretion and epithelial debris from the middle ear by ciliary motion and gravity.
What kind of receptor are the hair cells on the basilar membrane?
The auditory receptor cells , called hair cells, lie embedded within the basilar membrane. This membrane divides the spiraled cochlea into upper and lower chambers. Movement of the fluid within the cochlea causes stimulation of the hair cells.
What is Gustation AP Psychology?
AP Psychology
There are two chemical senses: taste (gustation) and smell (olfaction). They are chemical senses since the stimuli are the molecules of the object you are tasting or smelling. ... For example, if you smell food that’s old or rotten, you won’t eat it, therefore saving your body from later pain.
Where does the basilar membrane resonate to bass frequencies?
It is known from experiments that different sounds produce different responses of the basilar membrane. Sounds with low frequency produce resonant peak near the apex and sounds with high frequency near the stapes.
Where is the basilar membrane most sensitive to the vibrations of low frequency sound waves quizlet?
According to the frequency theory, the: basilar membrane vibrates in synchrony with a sound, producing action potentials at the same frequency. The frequency theory of pitch perception works well for .... frequencies, while the place theory works well for perception of.....
What does damage to the basilar membrane cause?
html. Hair cells are sensory receptor cells for hearing and are the structures most easily damaged by sound . ... This creates a differential motion between the basilar and tectorial membranes, causing the hair cell stereocilia to bend.
What kind of stimulus causes the basilar membrane close to the base or oval window of the cochlea to vibrate?
Sound waves cause the oval and round windows at the base of the cochlea to move in opposite directions (See Figure 12.2). This causes the basilar membrane to be displaced and starts a traveling wave that sweeps from the base toward the apex of the cochlea (See Figure 12.7).
What does the basilar membrane separate?
The basilar membrane is a stiff structural element within the cochlea of the inner ear which separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani .
Why is the basilar membrane tapered?
It is the function of frequency dispersion of incoming sound waves . In brief, the membrane is tapered and it is stiffer at one end than at the other. The dispersion of fluid waves causes sound input of a certain frequency to vibrate some locations of the membrane more than other locations.
Where is movement in the basilar membrane translated into electrical impulses transduction )?
This action is passed onto the cochlea , a fluid-filled snail-like structure that contains the organ of Corti, the organ for hearing. It consists of tiny hair cells that line the cochlea. These cells translate vibrations into electrical impulses that are carried to the brain by sensory nerves.
